United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Introduction

The UK has a strong history of the development and implementation of Open Access. The first institutional repositories were developed in the UK and it has also been the home for several major Open Access publishing developments as well as being a site of innovation in scholarly communication more generally. The Wellcome Trust, one of the world’s larges biomedical charities, alongside the government Medical Research Council has been a consistent leader in requiring its funded researchers to make publications Open Access and was the major original driver behind Europe PubMedCentral.

The UK Government has taken a strong stance on Open Access and taken a leading role in implementation. UK government and charitable research funders have some of the strongest Open Access policies. UK universities are leaders in the provision of open access infrastructure. This has made Open Access a mainstream issue for UK researchers in a way that it is often not in other countries and awareness is extremely high. As of March 2021, there are currently 1747 OA journals published in the UK which are indexed in DOAJ and 313 OA repositories registered in OpenDOAR. There are 128 OA policies registered in ROARMAP.

This is a select list to highlight a variety of major subject/thematic repositories. Most UK universities have repositories of academic material, some of which have subject themes and often include theses and digital resources. They are accessible through the individual university websites.

Archaeology

• Archaeology Data Service contains a mixture of metadata and project archives on archaeological sites and finds. Mandated depository for archaeological work funded by the AHRC in the UK; managed by the University of York. Contact: Prof.Julian Richards, Director. e-mail: Julian.Richards(at)york.ac.uk Archaeology Data Service, Department of Archaeology, The King's Manor, University of York, York YO1 7EP.

Education

• Access to Research Resources for Teachers (ARRT) Repository of the General Teaching Council of Northern Ireland. All material is available under a Creative Commons copyright licence.

Communication address:  GTCNI 3rd Floor Albany House, 73 - 75 Great Victoria Street, Belfast BT2 7AF; e-mail: info(at)gtcni.org.uk

• Association for Learning Technology (ALT) Repository of professional and scholarly material; on the use of learning technology. All material is available under a Creative Commons copyright licence.

Communication address:  ALT, Gipsy Lane, Headington, Oxford, OX3 0BP, UK.

• Digital Education Resource Archive (DERA) Provides access to full text government and official publications in the subject area of education.

Communication address:   Institute of Education, 20 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AL; e-mail: b.scaife(at)ioe.ac.uk

• Institute of Education EPrints (IoE Eprints) provides access to the research output of the institution; not all full-text.

Communication address: Institute of Education, 20 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AL; e-mail: libraryeprints(at)ioe.ac.uk

• Jorum Open Jorum is a JISC-funded free online repository collecting and sharing of learning and teaching materials, allowing their reuse and repurposing and managed by the University of Manchester. Discussion forum and blog.

Communication address: Mimas, The University of Manchester, Roscoe Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL; e-mail: support(at)jorum.ac.uk

History

• British History Online  A digital repository providing access to core printed primary and secondary sources, such as official records, maps, and journals, for the medieval and modern history of the British Isles. Created by the Institute of Historical Research and the History of Parliament Trust.

Communication address: Institute of Historical Research, University of London, Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU. e-mail: bruce.tate(at)sas.ac.uk

Medicine

• UK PubMed Central (UKPMC) This is a subject based repository that mirrors the data held on the PubMed Central site. It holds over 2 million+ full text, peer reviewed published journal articles covering all fields of biomedical and health research (the UK PubMed Central repository); 25 million+ PubMed and PubMed Central abstracts; National Health Service (NHS) clinical guidelines; UK biomedical and health PhD theses. It acts as an Open Access repository for peer-reviewed research from researchers who have been funded by the UKPMC Funders Group - submitted via the UK Manuscript Submission System.

Communication address: UK PubMed Central, The British Library. 96 Euston Road, London NW1 2DB; e-mail: ukpmc(at)bl.uk

Social Sciences

• Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) Social Sciences Repository An organisational repository containing bibliographic information, theses, datasets, multimedia of all research output supported by ESRC funding.

Communication address: Economic and Social Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon, SN2 1UJ; e-mail: adrian.alsop(at)esrc.ac.uk

• Open Research Online (ORO) Open University repository providing access to the publication output of this institution. Communication address: The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA; e-mail:lib-oro-team(at)open.ac.uk

• OpenDEPOT This is a facility for university, college and institution based researchers to deposit peer-reviewed papers, articles, book chapters where there is no institutional repository. Academics with institutional repositories will be directed to submit materials to their own sites. Managed by Edinburgh University staff.

Communication address: EDINA, Causewayside House, 160 Causewayside, Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 1PR; e-mail: p.burnhill(at)ed.ac.uk

Science and Technology

• Science and Technology Facilities Council ePublication Archive (STFC ePubs) This is an institutional repository collecting and allowing access to the academic output of STFC covering Physics and Astronomy; Technology General; Computers and IT in the form of articles, conference proceedings, theses, unpublished papers and books. Not all of the items listed are available directly from this site but linked to the full-text reference in other repositories or subscription journals.

Communication address: STFC Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX; e-mail: epublications(at)rl.ac.uk

Visual Arts

• VADS (Visual Arts Data Service) This site provides access to images of various collections of visual arts offering access to over 100,000 images that are freely available and copyright cleared for use in learning, teaching and research in the UK. It is managed by the University for the Creative Arts, Farnham.

Communication address: University for the Creative Arts, Farnham Campus, Falkner Road, Farnham, GU9 7DS email: jccook(at)ucreative.ac.uk

Enabling Environment

Most UK research intensive institutions have an institutional repository with a significant number having institutional deposit mandates and being signatory to the Berlin Declaration.

The UK government has taken a strong stance on Open Access and the major government funders, the seven Research Councils have very strong, albeit controversial, policies. Other government agencies are developing policies in line with the Government position as articulated through the response to the Finch Report.

The Open Access Implementation Group, a stakeholder grouping of institutions, OA publishers, funders, and community organizations supports implementation and provision of information on public access. The Wellcome Trust, Research Councils, other funders, and Jisc have all provided infrastructure support and development.

OAPEN-UK: Commenced in October 2010 and is to run until summer 2015. OAPEN-UK is a collaborative research project funded by JISC and the AHRC, which aims to help stakeholders make informed decisions on the future of open access scholarly monograph publishing in the humanities and social sciences (HSS).

The UK government has taken direct action on Open Access policy through the Finch process.

UK institutions have taken an international lead in development of repository infrastructure that underpins repository-mediated access.

Potential Barriers

As a nation taking a lead on Open Access policy the UK has good infrastructure and policy support. The two largest challenges arise from the large proportion of traditional publishers based in the UK, which is perceived driven the policy agenda in part, and the negative response from some portions of the academic community.

The strong policy agenda has raised disagreements and controversy over the details of implementation and lead to opposition from some quarters. There is both objection to policy implementation from traditional publishers that the provision of funding to cover their transitional costs is insufficient and objection from the academic community that policy has benefited traditional publishers too much. At the same time there is controversy over the balance between repository-mediated and journal-mediated access both as the overall target and as the means of transition

National and Institutional Level Policies/Mandates

The Open Access policy landscape in the UK is complex. The University of Cambridge Open Access Service assists researchers with policy compliance. Please use these pages to find out more about different Open Access policies and to work out if your journal is compliant.

Please note that on 13 February 2020 the UKRI Open Access Review Consultation was announced. Information about the University's response can be found on dedicated UKRI Open Access Review Consultation 2020 webpage.

Future open access policy

UKRI Open Access Review

UKRI is reviewing its open access policies. A consultation on the proposed UKRI open access policy and related considerations has taken place. This consultation sought views and evidence on UKRI's proposed OA policy. Due to the impact of COVID-19 UKRI now intends to announce the new open access policy in the second quarter of 2021.

UKRI's review will determine a single OA policy across UKRI, including the seven research councils, Research England and Innovate UK. It will cover peer-reviewed research articles and academic books that result from research supported by UKRI, which acknowledge funding from UKRI and its constituent councils.

UKRI encourages OA for all research outputs that result from UKRI funding. UKRI recognises that it is difficult to directly trace research outputs that result from unhypothecated block grant funding provided by Research England to English HE providers. Therefore, where block grant funding from Research England is the only UKRI funding acknowledged on an output, it will be exempt from the OA policy requirements.

27 May 2015: UCL announced the launch of UCL Press, UK's first fully Open Access university press.

2015: RCUK announced the amounts it will be paying to institutions in the next block grant to support the implementation of its open access policy. For 2015/16, RCUK will make available a total of £22.6 million.

UK (G8) Review in March 2014: Government delivered the Defra network open data strategy which includes widening access to agricultural and other research data.1 October 2014: Launch of initial pilot phase of 2 years of the newly established Charity Open Access Fund  (COAF); Partners: Wellcome Trust, Arthritis Research UK, Breast Cancer Campaign, the British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Leukemia & Lymphoma Research).

June 2013: UK government developed an Open Data Charter consisting of principles and minimum technical standards for countries releasing Open Data.

Research Council UK (RCUK), a consortium of seven research councils in UK that fund research in 170 educational institutions, have established an OA policy effectively requiring all funded researchers to make adopt OA in conjunction with three major academic publishers: Macmillan, Blackwell and Elsevier.

Other funding bodies such as Wellcome Trust, Cancer Research UK and British Heart Foundation have endorsed OA policies. A full list of these is available on JULIET.

JULIET offers a directory of research funders archiving mandates and guidelines; As of May 2015, 17 funders are named for UK, varying in size and impact. The following list gives the 7 main research organisations in UK who are publicly funded and required to comply with Research Council UK’s open access although this may be interpreted as appropriate to the individual institution.

Communication address: Information Services, University of Nottingham, UK  e-mail: juliet(at)sherpa.ac.uk

 

Arts and Humanities Research Council: AHRC

Overview: To promote and support the production of world-class research in the arts and humanities, to effectively advocate for the arts and humanities though raising its profile and significance and by encouraging researchers to disseminate and transfer knowledge for maximum impact. Funded from the Government's Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS).

OA mandate: Requires deposition of peer-reviewed journals and conference papers Open Access archives at the earliest possible opportunity;  Metadata must be deposited at the date of publication; AHRC should be acknowledged as funder, with grant number.

Communication address: AHRC Polaris House North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1FL; e-mail: enquiries(at)ahrc.ac.uk

 

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council: BBSRC

Overview: To promote and support, high-quality basic, strategic and applied research and related postgraduate training in the non-clinical life sciences. To advance knowledge and technology (including the promotion and support of the exploitation of research outcomes), and provide trained scientists and engineers, thereby contributing to the economic competitiveness of the United Kingdom and the quality of life. Supports UKPubMed Central.

OA mandate: Requires deposition of peer-reviewed publications and conference papers in full text wherever possible at time of publication. Deposit is required in an appropriate Open Access repository and optional deposit may be made to named repositories or UK PubMed Central. BBSRC should be acknowledged as funder, with grant number.

Communication address: BBSRC, Polaris House. North Star Avenue, Swindon, Wiltshire, SN2 1UH e-mail: data.sharing(at)bbsrc.ac.uk

 

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council: EPSRC

Overview: EPSRC supports excellent, long term research and high quality postgraduate training in order to contribute to the economic competitiveness of the UK and the quality of life of its people. At any one time we are supporting a portfolio of research and training between £2-3billion.

OA mandate: All projects funded totally or partly by EPSRC must deposit all peer-reviewed journal articles and conference publications either by self-archiving or paid open access publication; open access costs may be included in funding applications; authors may choose the journal most appropriate to their research. Peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers must be

Web links:

Communication address: EPSRC, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1ET; Email infoline(at)epsrc.ac.uk

 

Economic and Social Research Council: ESRC

Overview: ESRC is UK's largest organisation for funding research on economic and social issues, supporting independent, high quality research which has an impact on business, the public sector and the third sector. ESRC has a budget of £203 million for 2011/12. At any one time we support over 4,000 researchers and postgraduate students in academic institutions and independent research institutes.

OA mandate:  All grant holders must deposit data resulting from an award to the UK Data Archive, and make details of grant outcomes and outputs available through the ESRC research catalogue. Publishers’ version and/or author’s final copy of peer-reviewed articles and conference papers must be deposited in an open-access archive in the UK Data Archive with and optional deposit to be made in an appropriate institutional repository.

Communication address: Economic and Social Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon, SN2 1UJ. Tel: 01793 413000; Fax: 01793 413001.

 

Medical Research Council: MRC

Overview: The MRC’s remit covers the full range of medical research from studies of molecules to the implementation of research findings into clinical practice. This includes such topics as: the use of animals in research; antibiotic resistance; brain sciences; intensive care; public health and patient safety research.

OA mandate: Peer-reviewed publications following all MRC funded work must be deposited at the earliest possible opportunity and within 6 months of publication in OA archives through institutional repositories, PubMed Central and UKPubMed Central. MRC should be acknowledged as funder, with grant number; costs of access provision may be recovered on a not-for-profit basis, MRC allows pre-documented exclusivity periods on primary and secondary data. Data sharing plans and conditions for access must be documented in n proposals, study-specific access statements and data sharing agreements. Ethical, legal and institutional regulatory permission must be sought for personal data before data can be shared. MRC has a data sharing policy whereby a data sharing agreement must be created and applicants who consider that the data arising from their proposals will not be suitable for sharing must provide clear reasons for not making it available.

Communication address: Medical Research Council, 14th Floor, One Kemble Street, London WC2B 4AN e-mail:  corporate(at)headoffice.mrc.ac.uk

 

Natural Environment Research Council: NERC

OVERVIEW: NERC funds environmental research, survey and observation work across a range  of disciplines including  the geo- and earth sciences, hydrology, soil science, atmospheric research and oceanography; biological and microbiological research on animal and plant biodiversity, population dynamics and ecology; climate change research; environmental chemistry and physics;.

OA mandate: All research outcomes (publishers version and/or author’s final version of peer-reviewed publications) undertaken through NERC must be deposited in OA archives at the earliest possible opportunity. NERC should be acknowledged as funder, with grant number and compliance with the OA deposit requirement will affect future funding applications. Research undertaken by NERC staff must be deposited in NERC Open Research Archive (NORA).

Communication address: Natural Environment Research Council, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon, SN2 1EU e-mail: nora(at)nerc.ac.uk.

 

Science and Technology Facilities Council: STFC

OVERVIEW: STFC is involved in the most significant challenges facing society such as meeting our future energy needs, monitoring and understanding climate change, and global security. STFC’s work includes liaison with academic and industrial communities to share its expertise in materials science, space and ground-based astronomy technologies, laser science, microelectronics, wafer scale manufacturing, particle and nuclear physics, alternative energy production, radio communications and radar. NERC participates in European research initiatives and wider international research.

OA mandate: STFC requires the outcome of funded research in the form of conference papers and peer-reviewed publications to be deposited in OA archives after publication as soon as possible. Metadata should be deposited at the date of publication and include a link to the publisher’s website. STFC should be acknowledged as funder, with grant number.

Communication address: STFC HQ, Polaris House, North Star Avenue, Swindon SN2 1SZ; e-mail: epublications(at)stfc.ac.uk.

Key Organizations

Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC)

JISC distributes funding for IT development in higher education and is key to open access strategy development in UK through monitoring  compliance with SPARC (Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative.

Communication address: Brettenham House, 5 Lancaster Place, London WC2E 7EN; e-mail: info(at)jisc.ac.uk

 

ERIS Enhancing Repository Infrastructure in Scotland

Is a JISC-funded project to develop user-led solutions aimed to encourage the deposit of research and integrate repositories with institutional and research processes. The project is led by the University of Edinburgh.

Communication address: ERIS, University of Edinburgh Library, EH8 9LJ. Contact: Sheila Cannell; email: projects(at)jisc.ac.uk

 

WRN Welsh Repository Network

Is a JISC-funded project that has completed the first stage of its mandate to establish 12 repositories across Wales and is now being led by Aberystwyth University to develop a central, collaborative model to enhance this development.

Communication address: WRN,Hugh Owen Library, Aberystwyth University, Penglais Campus, Aberystwyth SY23 3DZ; email: wrnstaff(at)aber.ac.uk

 

e-Prints.org

eprints software was the original institutional repository software and is now used in a large number of global OA repositories. It was originally developed at the University of Southampton and is continuously developing its functions. e-Prints is a key player in setting standards and leading in technological development and collaborates with organisations to advise on repository hosting, customisation, importing existing (legacy) data and training.

Communication address: School of Electronics & Computer Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ. e-mail: info(at)services.eprints.org

 

Open Access Implementation Group (OAIG)

Membership organisation of representative bodies aimed at developing a practical OA strategy in the UK, in the context of the wider ‘open’ environment and to support the UK’s evolution as a knowledge economy.

Communication address: JISC Executive, University of Bristol, 2nd Floor, Beacon House, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1QU;e-mail: d.otlet(at)jisc.ac.uk

 

SHERPA

• SHERPA services include:

• SHERPA Search - simple full-text search of UK repositories listed in OpenDOAR

• RoMEO - Publisher's copyright & archiving policies

• JULIET - Research funders archiving mandates and guidelines

• OpenDOAR - Worldwide Directory of Open Access Repositories;

RSP Repository Support Project

Provides guidance and advice on development of institutional repositories in HEIs.

Communication address: Centre for Research Communications,  Greenfield Medical Library, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH; e-mail: support(at)rsp.ac.uk

 

UKCoRR

An independent body for repository managers, administrators and staff in the UK  to promote the profession of repository management through networking and  discussion and exchange of experience.

Communication address: UKCORR-discussion(at)jiscmail.ac.uk

Research Councils UK

Department of Business Innovation and Skills

Higher Education Funding Council for England

Universities UK

Russel Group of Universities

 

Events and Programmes

• Publishing open access saves lives, 2020-10-21, UK, Organized by NetworkPharma and Open Pharma, Type: zoom, webinar

• Open Access Data and Teaching Materials at Edge Hill University, 2020-10-21, UK, Organized by Megan Hardeman, Type: webinar

• The Comics Grid Webinar: Troubling Boundaries, Leaking Forms: Reading Bechdel's Fun Home and Carroll's Through the Woods, 2020-10-20, UK, Organized by Paula Clemente Vega, Open Library of Humanities, and Ernesto Priego, The Comics Grid, Journal of Comics Scholarship, City, University of London, Type: webinar

• Open and Engaged Conference, 2020-10-19, UK, Organized by British Library, Type: conference

• Open Access Week Ask Me Anything, 2019-10-25, UK, Organized by University of Manchester Library, Type: twitter, ask, me, anything

• Open Access in Five Simple Steps, 2019-10-24, UK, Organized by University of Manchester Library, Type: workshop

• EFFECTIVE DISSEMINATION TO OPTIMIZE THE REACH AND VISIBILITY OF YOUR RESEARCH, 2019-10-23, UK, Organized by DE GRUYTER (Maria Hrynkiewicz), Type: masterclass, /, webinar

• Clinical trial transparency – let's talk, 2019-10-23, UK, Organized by Open Pharma, Type: pint, of, science

• Open Research Showcase, 2019-10-23, UK, Organized by University of Manchester Library, Type: showcase

• Choosing a Credible Journal: And how to avoid ‘Predatory Publishers’, 2019-10-22, UK, Organized by University of Manchester Library, Type: workshop

• EFFECTIVE DISSEMINATION TO OPTIMIZE THE REACH AND VISIBILITY OF YOUR RESEARCH, 2019-10-22, UK, Organized by De Gruyter (Maria Hrynkiewicz), Type: masterclass, //, webinar

• EFFECTIVE DISSEMINATION TO OPTIMIZE THE REACH AND VISIBILITY OF YOUR RESEARCH, 2019-10-22, UK, Organized by De Gruyter (Maria Hrynkiewicz), Type: masterclass, //, webinar

• NetworkPharma MedComms Brunch Meeting, 2019-10-21, UK, Organized by NetworkPharma, Type: brunch, meeting

• Better Science through Better Data 2018, 2018-11-14, UK, Organized by Springer Nature & Wellcome Trust, Type: conference

• Open Research Forum, 2018-11-05, UK, Organized by University of Manchester Library, Type: forum

• #OAWeek Q&A for agriculture innovation - Twitter Chat, 2018-10-26, UK, Organized by CGIAR Platform for Big Data in Agriculture, Type: twitter, q&amp, a, chat

• Paywall: The Business of Scholarship, 2018-10-24, UK, Organized by Rachel Garraway, University of Manchester Library, Type: film, screening

• Wythnos Mynediad Agored 2018 Open Access Week, 2018-10-22, UK, Organized by openaccess@aber, Type: launch

• Research Impact: Making a Difference - an online course, 2018-10-22, UK, Organized by Nicol Keith, Type: online, course, -, mooc

• Open Access Pop-ups, 2018-10-21, UK, Organized by Rachel Garraway, University of Manchester Library, Type: pop-up, event

• Documentary Film Screening: Paywall: The Business of Scholarship (2018), 2018-10-17, UK, Organized by Ernesto Priego- Centre for Human Computer Interaction Design, City, University of London, Type: film, screening, q&amp, a

• Introducing the UK Scholarly Communications Licence: asserting your author rights., 2017-10-27, UK, Organized by Open Research team, University of Surrey, Type: seminar

• Helping Researchers Publish in Sciences, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, 2017-10-27, UK, Organized by Lucy Welch, Type: series, of, short, talks

• Don’t be subject to scholarly identity theft, 2017-10-26, UK, Organized by Open Research team, University of Surrey, Type: seminar

• University of Salford OA Week 2017: Open in order to...Share Scholarly Knowledge With a Wide Audience, 2017-10-26, UK, Organized by Steve Carlton, Type: talk

• Becoming an Open Researcher, 2017-10-25, UK, Organized by Open Research team, University of Surrey, Type: seminar

• Helping Researchers Publish in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 2017-10-25, UK, Organized by Lucy Welch, Type: series, of, short, talks

• Better Science through Better Data 2017 (#scidata17), 2017-10-25, UK, Organized by Springer Nature, Type: conference

• Open Data: Opportunities and tools, 2017-10-24, UK, Organized by University of Surrey - Open research team, Type: seminar

• Untangling Academic Publishing, 2017-10-24, UK, Organized by Jackie Proven, Type: scottish, launch, for, oa, week

• University of Salford OA Week 2017: Open in order to...Dream, Get Creative, Re-Make Nature, 2017-10-23, UK, Organized by Steve Carlton, Type: talk

• Open Research for Academics: A workshop and hackathon, 2016-10-29, UK, Organized by Dr Caspar Addyman and Bianca Elena Ivanof, Goldsmiths, University of London, Type: workshop, seminar, hackathon

• Advantages in Open Access: An Online Panel Discussion, 2016-10-27, UK, Organized by Laura Ennis, Type: online panel discussion, webinar, online, panel discussion

• Livestream: The Expert has Left the Building, 2016-10-27, UK, Organized by Brunel University London, Type: talk, online, chat, presentation

• The Revolution Will Not Be Televised (but it may be tweeted), 2016-10-27, UK, Organized by Brunel University London, Type: talk, online, chat, presentation

• Open Access Hour, 2016-10-27, UK, Organized by Neil Jacobs, Type: twitter, q&a

• Livestream: Open Access, global research impact, and tracing generations of citations, 2016-10-27, UK, Organized by Brunel University London, Type: talk, online, chat, presentation

• Livestream: Towards open research – how to share (more) sensitive research data, 2016-10-27, UK, Organized by Brunel University London, Type: talk, online, chat, presentation

• A New Model for Open Access: The Open Library of Humanities One Year On, 2016-10-27, UK, Organized by Dr Ernesto Priego for The Centre for HCI Design at City, University of London, Type: talk

• Open in Action: Brunel and Beyond, 2016-10-27, UK, Organized by Brunel University London, Type: conference

• OA Week Twitter discussion, 2016-10-26, UK, Organized by Claire Doffegnies, Type: twitter, discussion

• Webinar: ‘A New Look at Wikimedia, the World’s Largest OER’, 2016-10-26, UK, Organized by Teresa MacKinnon, Co chair Open Ed Sig, Type: webinar,

• Open Access: grassroots movement or top-down imposition? A panel discussion for Open Access Week 2016, 2016-10-26, UK, Organized by Hannah Haines, Type: panel, discussion

• Social Scholar - Open Access: Books and Beyond, 2016-10-26, UK, Organized by Matt Phillpott, Type: lunchtime, seminar

• Creative Commons UK launch, 2016-10-26, UK, Organized by CREATe, University of Glasgow, Type: public, lecture

• Learned Publishing: Special Virtual Issue on OA, 2016-10-24, UK, Organized by Victoria White, Type: online, virtual, issue, learned, publishing

• Vitae Connections: Supporting Open Researchers, 2015-12-01, UK, Organized by Katie Wheat, Type: cpd event

• OpenCon 2015 Oxford - Satellite Event, 2015-11-14, UK, Organized by Rachael Lammey, Type: opencon, satellite, event

• Open doors in your career through open research #vitaechat, 2015-10-23, UK, Organized by Katie Wheat, Vitae, UK, Type: twitter chat

• Can Society Afford Open Access?, 2015-10-23, UK, Organized by Joyce Heckman, Type: panel, discussion

• Publishing Better Science through Better Data, 2015-10-23, UK, Organized by Mathias Astell, Type: open, data, 1-day, conference

• Open Access Week Roadshow - Sighthill campus, 2015-10-22, UK, Organized by Joyce Templeton, Type: roadshow

• Open Access and research impact: using altmetrics to track attention to your research, 2015-10-22, UK, Organized by Brunel University London, Type: talk

• The #citylis International Open Access Week Lecture: Cameron Neylon, 2015-10-22, UK, Organized by Ernesto Priego, Type: guest, lecture

• Open Access Week Roadshow - Craiglockhart campus, 2015-10-21, UK, Organized by Joyce Templeton, Type: roadshow

• Everything you Always Wanted to Know about Open Access, 2015-10-21, UK, Organized by Disruptive Media Learning Lab, Type: seminar

• Open for Collaboration: an introduction to open scholarly communication practices, 2015-10-21, UK, Organized by Carolyn Kirby, Type: webinar

• Open for Collaboration: an introduction to open scholarly communication practices, 2015-10-21, UK, Organized by Brunel University London, Type: webinar

• Open Access Week Roadshow - Merchiston campus, 2015-10-20, UK, Organized by Joyce Templeton, Type: roadshow

• OA in the Humanities and Social Sciences, 2015-10-20, UK, Organized by Mithu Lucraft, Type: workshop

• Humanities Research, Publics and Access, 2015-10-20, UK, Organized by Brunel University London, Type: talk

• Open Access seminar, 2015-10-20, UK, Organized by University of Sussex, Type: seminar

• Open Access: what it is and what's going on?, 2015-10-20, UK, Organized by Stephen Carlton, Type: oa week event

• University of Warwick Library, Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP), 2015-10-19, UK, Organized by University of Warwick Library, Type: online

• Open Access Monographs and Publishing Models: Collaborative Ways Forward, 2015-10-19, UK, Organized by Andrew Gray, Type: discussion

• University of Liverpool: Open Access in the UK and US: where are we now, where are we going?, 2015-10-19, UK, Organized by Stephen Carlton, Type: oa, week, event

• Supporting institutions with open access implementation, 2015-10-19, UK, Organized by Jisc, Type: webinar

• 20 March 2015: "Open Access Advocacy Workshop: Joining the Dots" organized and facilitated by Rob Johnson. The aim of the workshop was to share experiences of communicating the open access message to researchers, and to identify best practice and areas of improvement.

• 22 October 2014: Open Access for REF2020 and Research Data Management: What do researchers need to know?Royal Holloway, UK

• 29 October, 2014: The Shift to Open Access Publishing, UCL Centre for Digital Humanities, London, UK.

• 15 October, 2014: Open Access is Just the Beginning: Disrupting Publishing, SPARC Europe Open Access Roadshow, University of Leeds, UK.

• 12 September 2014: 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON MINING SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS London, UK

• 10 July 2014: Jisc and CNI 2014: Opening Up Scholarly Communication Bristol, UK

• 18 June 2014: Open Access Monographs – Oxford forum with publishers and funders Oxford, UK

• 19 May 2014: Open Access and Society: Impact and Engagement; London, UK.

• 13 May 2014: The Mechanics and Reality of Open Access; London, UK.

• Selected Open Access week events (2014):

• 23 October 2014:  Panel discussion "Generation Open: Researchers' Roles in the Age of Openness", University of Kentucky.

• 21 October 2014: Open Access Button Launch: the new, updated version of the Open Access Button and the new companion mobile app were launched in London.

• 13 November, 2013: Libraries and the Future of Publishing, Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals AGM, London, UK.

Publications

• 2012: "Accessibility, sustainability, excellence: how to expand access to research publications" report published by the Working Group on Expanding Access.

• 2014: "Building a Successful Service: Developing Open Access Funding and Advocacy at University College London", published in The Serials Librarian, volume 67, Issue 3.

• 2014: "Open Access Journals in Humanities and Social Sciences" A report presented by the British Academy which investigates some of the issues involved in Open Access publishing.

• 2014: "Pathways to Open Access Baseline Report" was presented from UCL, Nottingham and Newcastle's Pathfinder project.

• 2014: Case Study: UK Open Access Policy Landscape , PASTEUR$OA Project, JISC, Mafalda Picarra

• 2014: UCL launched their new open access webpages.

• 2015: CRC Blog (Centre for Research Communications) has been launched to provide updates on all SHERPA Services (RoMEO, JULIET, OpenDOAR and FACT) and projects (SHERPA/REF), OARR and JoRD).

• 2015: HEFCE (Higher Education Funding Council for England) published the findings of its Monographs and Open Access Project" which was led by Professor Geoffrey Crossick.

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• Adams, V. 2013. “Veterinary Record Open: Extending the Open Access Options.” Veterinary Record 173(2):38–39. doi: 10.1136/vr.f4387.

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• Squire, S. B., J. Elford, R. Bor, G. Tilsed, H. Salt, E. K. Bagdades, G. Janossy, P. D. Griffiths, and M. A. Johnson. 1991. “Open Access Clinic Providing HIV-I Antibody Results on Day of Testing: The First Twelve Months.” British Medical Journal 302(6789):1383–86. doi: 10.1136/bmj.302.6789.1383.

• Sreedharan, A., M. Clough, E. Hemingbrough, L. Gatta, D. M. Chalmers, A. T. R. Axon, and P. Moayyedi. 2004. “Cost-Effectiveness and Long-Term Impact of Helicobacter Pylori ‘test and Treat’ Service in Reducing Open Access Endoscopy Referrals.” European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 16(10):981–86. doi: 10.1097/00042737-200410000-00005.

• Stead, A. D., P. Wheat, A. S. J. Smith, and M. Ojeda-Cabral. 2019. “Competition for and in the Passenger Rail Market: Comparing Open Access versus Franchised Train Operators’ Costs and Reliability in Britain.” Journal of Rail Transport Planning and Management 12. doi: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2019.100142.

• Stein, D. J., D. Bolton, D. Denys, T. Huddle, and T. Powell. 2006. “Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine: Expanding the Open-Access Conversation on Health Care.” Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine 1(1). doi: 10.1186/1747-5341-1-1.

• Steiner, R. E. 1965. “Open Access to Investigational Procedures for the General Practitioner: Access for General Practitioners to X-Ray Diagnostic Departments.” Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 58(6):448–49. doi: 10.1177/003591576505800624.

• Stephan, S., M. T. Horsch, J. Vrabec, and H. Hasse. 2019. “MolMod–an Open Access Database of Force Fields for Molecular Simulations of Fluids.” Molecular Simulation 45(10):806–14. doi: 10.1080/08927022.2019.1601191.

• Stevenson, I. 2004. “Guest Editorial: Is Open Access the New Vanity Publishing?” Learned Publishing 17(2):83–84. doi: 10.1087/095315104322958445.

• Stewart, J. D. 1904. “Guiding an Open-Access Lending Library: With a Suggestion for a New Method of Shelf Guiding.” New Library World 7(5):112–40. doi: 10.1108/eb008873.

• Stokes, C. E. L., and M. Pandey. 2004. “Open Access to Essential Health Care Information.” World Journal of Surgical Oncology 2. doi: 10.1186/1477-7819-2-42.

• Stone, G. 2011. “Huddersfield Open Access Publishing.” Information Services and Use 31(3–4):215–23. doi: 10.3233/ISU-2012-0651.

• Stone, G. 2012. “Huddersfield Open Access Publishing.” in ELPUB 2012 - Social Shaping of Digital Publishing: Exploring the Interplay Between Culture and Technology, 16th International Conference on Electronic Publishing.

• Stone, G., K. Jensen, and M. Beech. 2016. “Publishing Undergraduate Research: Linking Teaching and Research through a Dedicated Peer-Reviewed Open Access Journal.” Journal of Scholarly Publishing 47(2):147–70. doi: 10.3138/jsp.47.2.147.

• Stovold, E. 2014. “Open Access Works Are as Reliable as Other Publishing Models at Retracting Flawed Articles from the Biomedical Literature.” Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 9(3):86–88. doi: 10.18438/b8qk6d.

• Stretch, B., J. Dean, M. Mitchard, A. C. Dunn, L. S. Rosson, and A. Chesters. 2018. “Student-Run Open Access Pre-Hospital Emergency Medicine Lectures in the East of England from the University of Cambridge.” Trauma (United Kingdom) 20(4):304–5. doi: 10.1177/1460408617729426.

• Strong, P. M., and R. J. Walker. 1995. “General Practitioners Also Use Open Access Computed Tomography Wisely.” BMJ 311(7000):325. doi: 10.1136/bmj.311.7000.325c.

• Sturgeon, J. P. 2019. “Should Funders Driving for Universal Open Access in Research Be Obliged to Ensure Freedom of Publication for All?” The BMJ 365. doi: 10.1136/bmj.l2250.

• Suber, P (2008) Open Access to electronic theses and dissertations DESIDOC Journal of Library & Information Technology, Vol 28, No 1

• Suber, P (2009) Open Access Policy Options SPARC Open Access Newsletter, issue #130

• Suber, P. 2006. Open Access in the USA.

• Sudlow, C., J. Gallacher, N. Allen, V. Beral, P. Burton, J. Danesh, P. Downey, P. Elliott, J. Green, M. Landray, B. Liu, P. Matthews, G. Ong, J. Pell, A. Silman, A. Young, T. Sprosen, T. Peakman, and R. Collins. 2015. “UK Biobank: An Open Access Resource for Identifying the Causes of a Wide Range of Complex Diseases of Middle and Old Age.” PLoS Medicine 12(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001779.

• Sulke, A. N., V. E. Paul, C. J. Taylor, R. H. Roberts, and A. D. C. Norris. 1991. “Open Access Exercise Electrocardiography: A Service to Improve Management of Ischaemic Heart Disease by General Practitioners.” Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 84(10):590–94.

• Sundsbø, K. 2019. “Open Access Escape Room: The Key to OA Engagement?” Insights: The UKSG Journal 32. doi: 10.1629/uksg.459.

• Suvakovic, Z., M. G. Bramble, R. Jones, C. Wilson, N. Idle, and J. Ryott. 1997. “Improving the Detection Rate of Early Gastric Cancer Requires More than Open Access Gastroscopy: A Five Year Study.” Gut 41(3):308–13. doi: 10.1136/gut.41.3.308.

• Sveinsdottir, T., B. A. Wessels, R. Smallwood, P. Linde, V. Kala, V. Tsoukala, and J. Sondervan. 2014a. “Policy Recommendations for Open Access to Research Data in Europe-Stakeholder Values and Ecosystems.” Information Services and Use 34(3–4):331–33. doi: 10.3233/ISU-140756.

• Sveinsdottir, T., B. A. Wessels, R. Smallwood, P. Linde, V. Kala, V. Tsoukala, and J. Sondervan. 2014b. “Policy Recommendations for Open Access to Research Data in Europe-Stakeholder Values and Ecosystems.” Pp. 131–34 in Let’s Put Data to Use: Digital Scholarship for the Next Generation - Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, ELPUB 2014.

• Swain, C. 2007. “Commentary: Open Access and Medicinal Chemistry.” Chemistry Central Journal 1(1). doi: 10.1186/1752-153X-1-2.

• Swan, A (2010) The Open Access citation advantage: Studies and results to date. Creative Commons license.

• Swan, A and Chan, L (2011) OASIS: Open Access Scholarly Information Sourcebook Online resource. Creative Commons license.

• Swan, A. (2008) Study on the availability of UK academic "grey literature" to UK SMEs. Open Access.

• Swan, A. 2006. The Culture of Open Access: Researchers’ Views and Responses.

• Swan, A. 2007. “Open Access and the Progress of Science.” American Scientist 95(3):197–99. doi: 10.1511/2007.65.373.

• Swan, A., and S. Brown. 2004. “Authors and Open Access Publishing.” Learned Publishing 17(3):219–24. doi: 10.1087/095315104323159649.

• Swan, A., P. Needham, S. Probets, A. Muir, C. Oppenheim, A. O’Brien, R. Hardy, F. Rowland, and S. Brown. 2005. “Developing a Model for E-Prints and Open Access Journal Content in UK Further and Higher Education.” Learned Publishing 18(1):25–40. doi: 10.1087/0953151052801479.

• Swanson, J. 2013. “Open Access Publication - The Wider Context Footnote to ‘Radiation-Induced Cataracts: The Health Protection Agency’s Response to the ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions and Recommendation on the Dose Limit for the Eye Lens.’” Journal of Radiological Protection 33(3):703–5. doi: 10.1088/0952-4746/33/3/L01.

• Sweeney, D. 2014. “Working Together More Constructively towards Open Access.” Information Services and Use 34(3–4):181–84. doi: 10.3233/ISU-140722.

• Sweeney, D., and B. Johnson. 2014. “Seeking a Fresh Perspective: A Research Funder’s View of Open Access.” Insights: The UKSG Journal 27(1):51–57. doi: 10.1629/2048-7754.114.

• Sweeney, J., G. Forster, and B. T. Goh. 1994. “Open Access for Screening Is Vital.” BMJ 309(6969):1660. doi: 10.1136/bmj.309.6969.1660b.

• Swindells, J. P., and A. J. Fairfax. 1996. “Audit of an Open Access Lung Function Laboratory Service for General Practitioners (1991-1996).” Thorax 51(SUPPL. 3).

• Sykes, P. 2013. “Open Access Gets Tough.” Insights: The UKSG Journal 26(2):109–14. doi: 10.1629/2048-7754.62.

• Tahim, A., H. Bansal, A. M. C. Goodson, K. F. B. Payne, and S. Sabharwal. 2016. “Open Access Publishing: A Study of Current Practice in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Research.” Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery 15(4):517–20. doi: 10.1007/s12663-016-0898-2.

• Takata, J., P. Sondo, G. S. Humphreys, R. Burrow, B. Maguire, M. S. Hossain, D. Das, R. J. Commons, R. N. Price, and P. J. Guerin. 2020. “The Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network Clinical Trials Publication Library: A Live, Open-Access Database of Plasmodium Treatment Efficacy Trials.” American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 103(1):359–68. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0706.

• Tallantyre, E. C., E. G. Causon, K. E. Harding, T. P. Pickersgill, and N. P. Robertson. 2015. “The Aetiology of Acute Neurological Decline in Multiple Sclerosis: Experience from an Open-Access Clinic.” Multiple Sclerosis Journal 21(1):67–75. doi: 10.1177/1352458514538333.

• Tamber, P. S., F. Godlee, and P. Newmark. 2003. “Open Access to Peer-Reviewed Research: Making It Happen.” Lancet 362(9395):1575–77. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14748-4.

• Tatalović, M. 2013. “What Has Science’s Open-Access Sting Taught Us about the Quality of Peer Review?” Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 13(4):209–11. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2013.2343.

• Tate, D. 2015. “Open Access and Research Assessment: Dealing with UK Open Access Requirements in Practice.” Pp. 58–62 in New Avenues for Electronic Publishing in the Age of Infinite Collections and Citizen Science: Scale, Openness and Trust - Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, Elpub 2015.

• Tate, J. J. T., and G. T. Royle. 1988. “Open Access Colonoscopy for Suspected Colonic Neoplasia.” Gut 29(10):1322–25. doi: 10.1136/gut.29.10.1322.

• Taubert, N., A. Bruns, C. Lenke, and G. Stone. 2021. “Waiving Article Processing Charges for Least Developed Countries: A Keystone of a Large-Scale Open Access Transformation.” Insights: The UKSG Journal 34. doi: 10.1629/UKSG.526.

• Taylor, J. 2012. “Welcome to Bioresearch Open Access.” BioResearch Open Access 1(1):1–2. doi: 10.1089/biores.2012.9011.ed.

• Taylor, L. C. E., R. L. Johnson, and R. Raso. 1995. “Open Access Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Routine Sample Analysis.” Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry 6(5):387–93. doi: 10.1016/1044-0305(94)00124-1.

• Taylor, M. 2019. “Mapping the Publishing Challenges for an Open Access University Press.” Publications 7(4):1–12. doi: 10.3390/publications7040063.

• Taylor, M. 2020. “An Altmetric Attention Advantage for Open Access Books in the Humanities and Social Sciences.” Scientometrics 125(3):2523–43. doi: 10.1007/s11192-020-03735-8.

• Taylor, S. 2021. “Open Access+ Service: Reframing Library Support to Take Research Outputs to Non-Academic Audiences.” Insights: The UKSG Journal 33. doi: 10.1629/UKSG.499.

• Temple, S. 2015. “Open Access Long Distance Passenger Rail Services in the United Kingdom: The Grand Central Experience.” Pp. 114–24 in Transportation Research Procedia. Vol. 8.

• Tennant, J. P., and D. R. Lomax. 2019. “An Overview of Open Access Publishing in Palaeontology.” Palaeontologia Electronica 22(2):1–10. doi: 10.26879/968.

• Tennant, J. P., F. Waldner, D. C. Jacques, P. Masuzzo, L. B. Collister, and C. H. J. Hartgerink. 2016. “The Academic, Economic and Societal Impacts of Open Access: An Evidence-Based Review.” F1000Research 5. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.8460.1.

• Terry, R. 2005. “Funding the Way to Open Access.” PLoS Biology 3(3):0364–66. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030097.

• Terry, R., and R. Kiley. 2006. Open Access to the Research Literature: A Funder’s Perspective.

• Thananusak, T., and S. Ansari. 2019. “Knowledge Production and Consumption in the Digital Era: The Emergence of Altmetrics and Open Access Publishing in Management Studies.” Research in the Sociology of Organizations 59:77–102. doi: 10.1108/S0733-558X20190000059005.

• The following is a select list of recent materials on Open Access in UK. Note that Wagner (2010) cited below is a bibliography containing further references.

• Thelwall, M. 2013. Open-Access Randomly Generated Tests: Assessment to Drive Learning.

• Thomas, J., and A. Quinney. 2011. “Negotiating the Content and Process of Collaborative Practice in the Development of Open Access E-Learning Resources: A Case Study from the Social Work Curriculum in England.” Journal of Technology in Human Services 29(1):64–81. doi: 10.1080/15228835.2011.565461.

• Thomas, R. E., J. M. Grimshaw, J. Mollison, S. McClinton, E. McIntosh, H. Deans, and J. Repper. 2003. “Cluster Randomized Trial of a Guideline-Based Open Access Urological Investigation Service.” Family Practice 20(6):646–54. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmg605.

• Thomas, S. R., and U. Gerhard. 2004. “Open-Access High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry in Early Drug Discovery.” Journal of Mass Spectrometry 39(8):942–48. doi: 10.1002/jms.673.

• Thorn, S., S. Morris, and R. Fraser. 2009. “Learned Societies and Open Access: Key Results from Surveys of Bioscience Societies and Researchers.” Serials 22(1):39–48. doi: 10.1629/2239.

• Thornton, J. 2018. “Transition to Immediate Open Access Publishing under Plan S Will Be Smooth, Promise Backers.” BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) 363:k5019. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k5019.

• Thorpe, M. 1988. “Role Development in an Open Access System.” Studies in Higher Education 13(2):151–64. doi: 10.1080/03075078812331377836.

• Thurtle, N., C. Banks, M. Cox, T. Pain, and J. Furyk. 2016. “Free Open Access Medical Education Resource Knowledge and Utilisation amongst Emergency Medicine Trainees: A Survey in Four Countries.” African Journal of Emergency Medicine 6(1):12–17. doi: 10.1016/j.afjem.2015.10.005.

• Thwaites, B. C., I. Torbolm, R. Nyunt, and A. Wallace. 1996. “Appropriateness of Open Access Exercise Electrocardiography for General Practitioners.” British Journal of Cardiology 3(7):212–15.

• Tickell, A. 2013. “Implementing Open Access in the United Kingdom.” Information Services and Use 33(1):19–26. doi: 10.3233/ISU-130688.

• Tierney, P. A., T. Price, D. Gillet, M. O. Oyarzabal, and N. Salama. 2001. “Improving Standards in the Treatment of Acute Otitis Externa by the Use of a Treatment Protocol and Open Access to Aural Toilet.” Journal of Laryngology and Otology 115(2):87–90. doi: 10.1258/0022215011907604.

• Tobon-Gomez, C., M. De Craene, K. McLeod, L. Tautz, W. Shi, A. Hennemuth, A. Prakosa, H. Wang, G. Carr-White, S. Kapetanakis, A. Lutz, V. Rasche, T. Schaeffter, C. Butakoff, O. Friman, T. Mansi, M. Sermesant, X. Zhuang, S. Ourselin, H. O. Peitgen, X. Pennec, R. Razavi, D. Rueckert, A. F. Frangi, and K. S. Rhode. 2013. “Benchmarking Framework for Myocardial Tracking and Deformation Algorithms: An Open Access Database.” Medical Image Analysis 17(6):632–48. doi: 10.1016/j.media.2013.03.008.

• Todd, J. A., M. A. Zubir, B. M. Goudie, and D. A. Johnston. 2000. “Response to Open Access Endoscopy Findings by General Practitioners. Guidelines Need Education for Implementation.” Scottish Medical Journal 45(2):49–50. doi: 10.1177/003693300004500206.

• Tompkins, A. M., M. I. O. De Záratate, R. I. Saurral, C. Vera, C. Saulo, W. J. Merryfield, M. Sigmond, W. S. Lee, J. Baehr, A. Braun, A. Butler, M. Déqué, F. J. Doblas-Reyes, M. Gordon, A. A. Scacaife, Y. Imada, M. Ishii, T. Ose, B. Kirtmatmatman, A. Kumar, W. A. Müller, A. Pirani, T. Stockdale, M. Rixen, and T. Yasuda. 2017. “The Climate-System Historical Forecast Project: Providing Open Access to Seasonal Forecast Ensembles from Centers around the Globe.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 98(11):2293–2301. doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0209.1.

• Trayhurn, P. 2002. “The Public Library of Science and ‘Open Access’ to the Scientific Literature.” British Journal of Nutrition 87(1):1–2. doi: 10.1079/BJN2001495.

• Trayhurn, P. 2018. “Open Access Publishing: The Continuing Development of the Journal of Nutritional Science.” Journal of Nutritional Science 7. doi: 10.1017/jns.2017.72.

• Trehearne, A. 2016. “Genetics, Lifestyle and Environment: UK Biobank Is an Open Access Resource Following the Lives of 500,000 Participants to Improve the Health of Future Generations.” Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz 59(3):361–67. doi: 10.1007/s00103-015-2297-0.

• Trewby, P. N., and B. P. Saunders. 1993. “Open Access Gastroscopy.” Gut 34(9):1290. doi: 10.1136/gut.34.9.1290.

• Trewinnard, K., and E. Foley. 2008. “Contraceptive Use among Women Attending an Open Access Genitourinary Medicine Department.” International Journal of STD and AIDS 20(8):573–74. doi: 10.1258/ijsa.2008.008420.

• Trichet, A. A. P., J. Foster, N. E. Omori, D. James, P. R. Dolan, G. M. Hughes, C. Vallance, and J. M. Smith. 2014. “Open-Access Optical Microcavities for Lab-on-a-Chip Refractive Index Sensing.” Lab on a Chip 14(21):4244–49. doi: 10.1039/c4lc00817k.

• Trichet, A. A. P., P. R. Dolan, D. M. Coles, G. M. Hughes, and J. M. Smith. 2015. “Topographic Control of Open-Access Microcavities at the Nanometer Scale.” Optics Express 23(13):17205–16. doi: 10.1364/OE.23.017205.

• Trichet, A., J. Foster, D. James, N. Omori, P. Dolan, G. Hughes, C. Vallance, and J. Smith. 2014a. “Open-Access Microcavities for Optofluidic Sensing.” in Optics InfoBase Conference Papers.

• Trichet, A., J. Foster, D. James, N. Omori, P. Dolan, G. Hughes, C. Vallance, and J. Smith. 2014b. “Open-Access Microcavities for Optofluidic Sensing.” in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe - Technical Digest. Vols. 2014-January.

• Trimarsanto, H., E. D. Benavente, R. Noviyanti, R. A. S. Utami, L. Trianty, Z. Pava, S. Getachew, J. Y. Kim, Y. K. Goo, S. Wangchuck, Y. Liu, Q. Gao, S. Dowd, Q. Cheng, T. G. Clark, R. N. Price, and S. Auburn. 2017. “VivaxGEN: An Open Access Platform for Comparative Analysis of Short Tandem Repeat Genotyping Data in Plasmodium Vivax Populations.” PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005465.

• Trupke, M., E. A. Hinds, S. Eriksson, E. A. Curtis, Z. Moktadir, E. Kukharenka, and M. Kraft. 2005. “Microfabricated High-Finesse Optical Cavity with Open Access and Small Volume.” Applied Physics Letters 87(21):1–3. doi: 10.1063/1.2132066.

• Turner, R. K., R. Brouwer, S. Georgiou, I. J. Bateman, I. H. Langford, M. Green, and H. Voisey. 2003. Management of a Multi-Purpose, Open Access Wetland: The Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, UK.

• Turner, W., C. Rondinini, N. Pettorelli, B. Mora, A. K. Leidner, Z. Szantoi, G. Buchanan, S. Dech, J. Dwyer, M. Herold, L. P. Koh, P. Leimgruber, H. Taubenboeck, M. Wegmann, M. Wikelski, and C. Woodcock. 2015. “Free and Open-Access Satellite Data Are Key to Biodiversity Conservation.” Biological Conservation 182:173–76. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.048.

• Tybulewicz, A. T., M. L. Rigby, and A. N. Redington. 1996. “Open-Access Paediatric Echocardiography: Changing Role and Referral Patterns to a Consultant-Led Service in a Tertiary Referral Centre.” Heart 75(6):632–34. doi: 10.1136/hrt.75.6.632.

• Ugalde-Loo, C. E., O. D. Adeuyi, S. Wang, J. Liang, N. Jenkins, S. Ceballos, M. Santos, I. Vidaurrazaga, S. D’Arco, G. Bergna, M. Barenys, M. Parker, S. Finney, A. Gatti, A. Pitto, M. Rapizza, D. Cirio, P. Lund, A. Castro, and I. Azpiri. 2017. “Open Access Simulation Toolbox for the Grid Connection of Offshore Wind Farms Using Multi-Terminal HVDC Networks.” in IET Conference Publications. Vol. 2017.

• Ule, J. 2020. “Open Access, Open Data and Peer Review.” Genome Biology 21(1). doi: 10.1186/s13059-020-02005-3.

• Vadas, R., and P. Thompson. 1993. “An Open Access Epidural Injection Clinic for Sciatica.” Rheumatology (United Kingdom) 32:59. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/32.suppl_1.3.

• Vallance, C., A. A. P. Trichet, D. James, P. R. Dolan, and J. M. Smith. 2016. “Open-Access Microcavities for Chemical Sensing.” Nanotechnology 27(27). doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/27/274003.

• Van Den Bruel, A., C. Jones, Y. Yang, J. Oke, and P. Hewitson. 2015. “People’s Willingness to Accept Overdetection in Cancer Screening: Population Survey OPEN ACCESS.” BMJ (Online) 350. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h980.

• Van Hees, V. T., S. Sabia, K. N. Anderson, S. J. Denton, J. Oliver, M. Catt, J. G. Abell, M. Kivimäki, M. I. Trenell, and A. Singh-Manoux. 2015. “A Novel, Open Access Method to Assess Sleep Duration Using a Wrist-Worn Accelerometer.” PLoS ONE 10(11). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142533.

• Van Santen, J. A., G. Jacob, A. L. Singh, V. Aniebok, M. J. Balunas, D. Bunsko, F. C. Neto, L. Castaño-Espriu, C. Chang, T. N. Clark, J. L. Cleary Little, D. A. Delgadillo, P. C. Dorrestein, K. R. Duncan, J. M. Egan, M. M. Galey, F. P. J. Haeckl, A. Hua, A. H. Hughes, D. Iskakova, A. Khadilkar, J. H. Lee, S. Lee, N. Legrow, D. Y. Liu, J. M. Macho, C. S. McCaughey, M. H. Medema, R. P. Neupane, T. J. O’Donnell, J. S. Paula, L. M. Sanchez, A. F. Shaikh, S. Soldatou, B. R. Terlouw, T. A. Tran, M. Valentine, J. J. J. Van Der Hooft, D. A. Vo, M. Wang, D. Wilson, K. E. Zink, and R. G. Linington. 2019. “The Natural Products Atlas: An Open Access Knowledge Base for Microbial Natural Products Discovery.” ACS Central Science 5(11):1824–33. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.9b00806.

• Van Zundert, A. A. J., S. P. Gatt, and R. P. Mahajan. 2017. “Open Access, Crowd-Sourced Repository of Anesthesia Information (Wiki-Anesthesia) as Antidote to Inaccurate Internet-Based Resources.” Anesthesia and Analgesia 124(5):1741–42. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002036.

• Veiga, P., C. Pita, L. Leite, J. Ribeiro, R. B. Ditton, J. M. S. Gonçalves, and K. Erzini. 2013. “From a Traditionally Open Access Fishery to Modern Restrictions: Portuguese Anglers’ Perceptions about Newly Implemented Recreational Fishing Regulations.” Marine Policy 40(1):53–63. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.12.037.

• Velterop, J. 2003. “Should Scholarly Societies Embrace Open Access (or Is It the Kiss of Death)?” Learned Publishing 16(3):167–69. doi: 10.1087/095315103322110932.

• Velterop, J. 2004a. “Open Access: Science Publishing as Science Publishing Should Be.” Serials Review 30(4):308–9. doi: 10.1080/00987913.2004.10764929.

• Velterop, J. 2004b. “Open Access: Science Publishing as Science Publishing Should Be.” Serials Review 30(4):308–9. doi: 10.1016/j.serrev.2004.09.004.

• Velterop, J. 2007. “Open Access Is a Choice.” Zeitschrift Fur Bibliothekswesen Und Bibliographie 54(4–5):268–72. doi: 10.3196/18642950085445225.

• Velterop, J. 2008. “Open Access 2.0? [5].” Scientist 22(1):16–17.

• Verma, S., and M. H. Giaffer. 2001. “Open-Access versus Hospital-Initiated Flexible Sigmoidoscopy: A Comparative Audit of Efficacy.” European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 13(6):655–58. doi: 10.1097/00042737-200106000-00007.

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