Introduction

In Italy, the Decree No.91 dated August 8, 2013 stated that the publication of results from researchers with public funds accounting for at least 50% should be stored electronically in free access free-of-charge repositories. At the same time, the Conference of Italian University Rectors (CRUI) have signed a position statement to encourage the creation of repositories. Between 2008 and 2018 the percentage of Open Access (OA) publications was roughly estimated to be about 40% over the total number of publications published by Italian institutions

As of March 2021, Italy has 141 OA digital repositories registered in OpenDOAR, most of which are institutional. Mappa Open Data (MOD) is the first Italian repository for Open Access publication of archaeological data. 421 OA journals indexed in DOAJ. Research is carried out in universities and research institutions and is mostly funded by the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research.

Enabling Environment

There is a strong information infrastructure in Italy; 34 institutions have a mandate for PhD theses deposition, while 2 have institutional mandates (LUISS, Italian National Health Institute - ISS).

ISS has a policy that states that: ‘All scientific works produced by ISS staff must be transmitted in electronic format (author’s final copy, after peer-review: “post-print”) to the Publishing Activities Unit of ISS, at the moment of acceptance for publication and is immediately available on the ISS Intranet. The metadata is also made available on the Internet, via DSpace ISS and, after the publisher embargo period has expired, the full texts will be made available.

Italy was represented by CNR Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research in the European project Recode (RECommendations for Open Access to Research Data) in Europe, aimed at analyzing benefits and issues of Open Access to data.

G8 Conference 2013-2017: Will provide capacity building support to develop and improve national agricultural and rural linked Open Data.

March 2014: Major regional repository infrastructure initiatives agree to align their activities and networks. Delegates identified several key elements that were to be addressed under the auspices of the Confederation of Open Access Repositories (COAR), an international alliance of repository initiatives. 

2013 onwards: Publishing of the inventory/catalogue of the agriculturally relevant data on website http://dati.gov.it.

Conference of Italian Universities Rectors (CRUI) established a Working Group on OA that has produced recommendations and guidelines on OA for research, repositories, research assessment, institutional repositories, and publications during the period 2007-2009. 71 universities and 2 research institutions are signatories of the Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities.

Portal for the Italian Electronic Literature in Open and Institutional Archives (PLEIADI) provides information and promotes awareness of OA in the scholarly community from its website.

National and Institutional Level Policies/Mandates

After attending the EOSC launch in late 2018, the Italian ministry of research and university delegate formed a Commission of Experts, which included OpenAIRE Italian NOAD, to draught a National Roadmap for Open Science in 2019. The Roadmap was drafted in May 2019, but the Ministry of University and Research has yet to formally launch it. In 2019, the Ministry of University and Research established an Open Access Working Group.

From September 2019 the Ministry of Health is asking to publish the underlying data of publications produced with its fundings, in accordance with the Lancet Reward (REduce research Waste And Reward Diligence) Campaign.

As of March 2021, there are 28 Open Access Policies registered in ROARMAP, 3 of them being funders' OA mandates and rest OA policies from research organizations.

In September 2013, The "Open by Default" concept was introduced with the government decree named "Growth 2.0".

Telethon (Italian not-for-profit institution promoting research in muscular dystrophy and other genetic disorders): On July 22nd 2010 Telethon introduced its Open Access Policy. This applies to research papers resulting from new awards, as well as to existing grants. Telethon considers supporting unrestricted access to the published output of research a fundamental part of its mission. To this end, Telethon has joined the UK PubMed Central (UKPMC), a free-to-access digital archive of peer-reviewed biomedical and life sciences research. The full policy is available online.

Potential Barriers

There is no national OA mandate in Italy and not all institutions have adopted OA policies.

Key Organizations

CRUI working group on Open Access

Overview: Established in order to coordinate and promote activities on Open Access at a national and institutional level. Its main activities are related to drafting some guidelines related to recommendations for OA repositories and journals implementation, and for the deposition of PhD theses into OA repositories. It promotes the inclusion of an OA related clause in the current university bylaws. Communication address: e-mail: segreteriacrui(at)crui.it

Portal for the Italian Electronic Literature in Open and Institutional Archives (PLEIADI)

Overview: PLEIADI is a portal for Italian scholarly e-literature in open archives and institutional repositories) originated from the collaboration between two major Italian university consortia, CASPUR and CILEA, within the framework of the AEPIC project. The website offers information on OA, a platform for discussion and information exchange through an OA-wiki-Italia and coordination of the OA-Italia mailing list. Communication address: e-mail: pleiadi(at)openarchives.it

The ISS coordinates (2009-2012) the EU-funded project NECOBELAC, related to the field of public health. It aims to: improve scientific writing; promote open access publication models; and foster technical and scientific cooperation between Europe & Latin American Caribbean (LAC) countries.

Events and Programmes

• 30 June 2020, Declining Open Science into specific disciplines. The webinar series for Earth and Environmental Sciences
• Pop-up talk: Let's Open Access, 2020-10-22, Italy, Organized by Maria Bellantone, Type: live, panel, discussion, (online)
• Beyond Open Access: SciPost, 2019-10-22, Italy, Organized by Asja Jelic and the Marie Curie Library (ICTP), Type: talk
• Non per profitto: La scienza aperta e il ruolo dell'università/Not for profit: The role of Universities in Open Science, 2018-10-25, Italy, Organized by Facoltà di Giurisprudenza, Università di Trento, Type: conference
• Ricerca scientifica, monopoli della conoscenza e Digital Humanities, 2018-10-24, Italy, Organized by Domenico Fiormonte, Type: convegno
• Sapienza Open Access day – October 23, 2018, 2018-10-23, Italy, Organized by Sistema bibliotecario Sapienza - Sapienza Library System, Type: conference
• Open Access Week @Politecnico di Torino, Italy, 2018-10-22, Italy, Organized by Politecnico di Torino, Type: conference, seminars
• Open Science Data / Open Access Publishing @UniTrieste, 2017-10-27, Italy, Organized by University of Trieste, Type: seminar, workshop
• EUI Open Access week: Open Access Roundtable: funding and metrics in the social sciences, 2017-10-27, Italy, Organized by Lotta Svantesson, Type: roundtable
• BiblioVerifica: tools and search strategies against #fakeNews (Facebook barCamp), 2017-10-26, Italy, Organized by Damiano Orru, Type: presentation
• OpenMed webinar: Open Education: The Moral, Business and Policy Case for OER, 2017-10-25, Italy, Organized by OpenMed project, Type: webinar
• EUI Open Access week: Open Access Practical Session, 2017-10-25, Italy, Organized by Lotta Svantesson, Type: workshop
• EUI Open Access week: Information desk Open Access and ORCID, 2017-10-23, Italy, Organized by Lotta Svantesson, Type: information, desk
• 04 December 2016, Fair data management: best practices and open issues - 14-15 November, Florence, Italy
• EUI Open Access week: Open Access Publishing in social sciences, 2016-10-27, Italy, Organized by , Type: roundtable
• Open justice e open science: le esperienze di Juriswiki e OpenQuake, 2016-10-25, Italy, Organized by Elena Giglia, Type: conference
• La proprietà intellettuale condivisa e gli archivi aperti, 2015-10-21, Italy, Organized by Coordinamento Servizi Bibliotecari Università di Sassari, Type: seminar
• L’Open Access tra Repository ed Editoria: policies, copyright e valutazione, 2015-10-21, Italy, Organized by Commissione Open Access di Ateneo, Type: meeting
• Immagini e testi online: il diritto d’autore alla prova del web, 2015-10-20, Italy, Organized by Elena Giglia, Type: seminar
• EUI Open Access Roundtable: the revolution in publishing, 2015-10-20, Italy, Organized by Lotta Svantesson, Type: roundtable
• Comunicare la produzione scientifica del Friuli Venezia Giulia: accesso aperto e cataloghi della ricerca, 2015-10-19, Italy, Organized by Cristina Cocever, Type: seminario
• November 2014: The University of Messina in Sicily, Italy, held an event on the "Messina Declaration 2.0: the Italian road to Open Access". The main event goal was to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the Messina open Access Declaration issued in 2004.
• 30 January 2014: Open Access: Priorities, Obstacles and Opportunities; Turin, Italy.
• 27 February 2014: Second Conference OpenGeoData Italy; Rome, Italy. 

Publications

• "A Roadmap for Open Access from Messina towards Europe: the New Italian Road to Open Access Launched at Messina" by Benedetta Alosi e Nunzio Femmino published in Bibliotime, XVII, Issue 3 (Nov 2014).
• "Report on the Tenth Anniversary Open Access event in Messina" by Sara Valla and Benedetta Alosi released as a follow-up on the OA discussions held in Messina.
• Alessandrini, M., B. Chakraborty, B. Heyde, O. Bernard, M. De Craene, M. Sermesant, and J. D’Hooge. 2018. “Realistic Vendor-Specific Synthetic Ultrasound Data for Quality Assurance of 2-D Speckle Tracking Echocardiography: Simulation Pipeline and Open Access Database.” IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control 65(3):411–22. doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2017.2786300.
• Altamura, A. C., D. Armadoros, M. Jaeger, R. Kernish, J. Locklear, and H. P. Volz. 2008. “Importance of Open Access to Atypical Antipsychotics for the Treatment of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: A European Perspective.” Current Medical Research and Opinion 24(8):2271–82. doi: 10.1185/03007990802250056.
• Antoci, A., M. Galeotti, and P. Russu. 2011. “Poverty Trap and Global Indeterminacy in a Growth Model with Open-Access Natural Resources.” Journal of Economic Theory 146(2):569–91. doi: 10.1016/j.jet.2010.12.003.
• Ardito, A., P. Ricciardi, and A. Schiaffino. 1993. “The Effects of Seasonal Fluctuations on an Open Access Fishery Problem.” Journal of Mathematical Biology 31(8):879–90. doi: 10.1007/BF00168051.
• Awouda, A., K. Aliev, P. Chiabert, and D. Antonelli. 2019. “Practical Implementation of Industry 4.0 Based on Open Access Tools and Technologies.” IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology 565 IFIP:94–103. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-42250-9_9.
• Balkaya, C., F. Casciati, S. Casciati, L. Faravelli, and M. Vece. 2015. “Real-Time Identification of Disaster Areas by an Open-Access Vision-Based Tool.” Advances in Engineering Software 88:83–90. doi: 10.1016/j.advengsoft.2015.06.002.
• Barbera, M., F. Di Donato, G. Tummarello, and C. Morbidoni. 2005. “HyperJournal, PHP Scripting and Semantic Web Technologies for the Open Access.” in CEUR Workshop Proceedings. Vol. 135.
• Barchesi, C. 2019. “‘Archeologia e Calcolatori’: A Pioneering Experience in the World of Open Access and Open Science [«Archeologia e CalcolatorI»: Un’esperienza Pionieristica Nel Mondo Dell’open Access e Dell’open Science].” Archeologia e Calcolatori 30:39–54. doi: 10.19282/ac.30.2019.04.
• Bardi, U., and A. Lavacchi. 2011. “Welcome to Coatings: A New Open Access Journal.” Coatings 1(1):1–2. doi: 10.3390/coatings1010001.
• Battiti, R., R. L. Cigno, M. Sabel, F. Orava, and B. Pehrson. 2005. “Wireless LANs: From Warchalking to Open Access Networks.” Mobile Networks and Applications 10(3):275–87. doi: 10.1007/s11036-005-6422-4.
• Battiti, R., R. Lo Cigno, F. Orava, and B. Pehrson. 2003. “Global Growth of Open Access Networks: From WarChalking and Connection Sharing to Sustainable Business.” Pp. 19–28 in Proceedings of the first ACM International Workshop on Wireless Mobile Applications and Services on WLAN Hotspots.
• Bautista-Puig, N., C. Lopez-Illescas, F. de Moya-Anegon, V. Guerrero-Bote, and H. F. Moed. 2020. “Do Journals Flipping to Gold Open Access Show an OA Citation or Publication Advantage?” Scientometrics 124(3):2551–75. doi: 10.1007/s11192-020-03546-x.
• Bell, S. C., C. Castellani, and P. A. Flume. 2019. “Disruption in Research Publishing – the Open Access Revolution.” Journal of Cystic Fibrosis 18(6):747–49. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2019.10.024.
• Bellini, E., and P. Nesi. 2013. “Metadata Quality Assessment Tool for Open Access Cultural Heritage Institutional Repositories.” Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 7990 LNCS:90–103. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-40050-6_9.
• Bergantino, A. S., C. Capozza, and M. Capurso. 2015. “The Impact of Open Access on Intra- and Inter-Modal Rail Competition. A National Level Analysis in Italy.” Transport Policy 39:77–86. doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2015.01.008.
• Beria, P., R. Redondi, and P. Malighetti. 2016. “The Effect of Open Access Competition on Average Rail Prices. The Case of Milan – Ancona.” Journal of Rail Transport Planning and Management 6(3):271–83. doi: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2016.09.001.
• Berrios, D. C., A. Beheshti, and S. V. Costes. 2018. “FAIRness and Usability for Open-Access Omics Data Systems.” AMIA ... Annual Symposium Proceedings. AMIA Symposium 2018:232–41.
• Bersani, G., A. Rossi, G. Ricci, V. Pollino, G. DeFabritiis, A. Suzzi, and V. Alvisi. 2005. “Do ASGE Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of Colonoscopy Enhance the Probability of Finding Relevant Pathologies in an Open Access Service?” Digestive and Liver Disease 37(8):609–14. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2005.03.008.
• Biagioni, S., C. Carlesi, G. A. Romano, S. Giannini, and R. Maggi. 2008. “PUMA & MetaPub: Open Access to Italian CNR Repositories in the Perspective of the European Digital Repository Infrastructure.” P. 145 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings.
• Biagioni, S., D. Castelli, and F. Zoppi. 2009. “Open Access to Grey Literature on E-Infrastructures: The BELIEF Project Digital Library.” Pp. 94–103 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings.
• Biagioni, S., D. Castelli, and F. Zoppi. 2010. “Open Access to Grey Literature on E-Infrastructures: The BELIEF Project.” Grey Journal 6(3):149–59.
• Biagioni, S., D. Castelli, and P. Manghi. 2009. “The OpenAIRE Project Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe.” Pp. 92–93 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings.
• Bianchini, C., C. Consentino, M. Paci, and M. Baccini. 2020. “Open Access Physical Therapy Journals: Do Predatory Journals Publish Lower-Quality Randomized Controlled Trials?” Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 101(6):969–77. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2019.12.012.
• Bianconi, A., and M. Rittman. 2016. “Condensed Matter: A New Open Access Journal.” Condensed Matter 1(1):1. doi: 10.3390/condmat1010003.
• Blazakis, K. N., M. Kosma, G. Kostelenos, L. Baldoni, M. Bufacchi, and P. Kalaitzis. 2017. “Description of Olive Morphological Parameters by Using Open Access Software.” Plant Methods 13(1). doi: 10.1186/s13007-017-0261-8.
• Boero, F. 2017. “Open Access Revolutions.” Ethics in Science and Environmental Politics 17(1):1–8. doi: 10.3354/esep00172.
• Borzacchiello, M. T., and M. Craglia. 2012. “The Impact on Innovation of Open Access to Spatial Environmental Information: A Research Strategy.” International Journal of Technology Management 60(1–2):114–29. doi: 10.1504/IJTM.2012.049109.
• Boschmann Käthler, C., U. M. Angst, A. M. Aguilar, and B. Elsener. 2019. “A Novel Approach to Systematically Collect Critical Chloride Contents in Concrete in an Open Access Data Base.” Data in Brief 27. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104675.
• Bragazzi, N. L. 2013a. “Commentary on: Haspelmath M. Why Open-Access Publication Should Be Nonprofit-a View from the Field of Theoretical Language Science. Front Behav Neurosci. 2013 Jun 6;7:57.” Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience (JUL):1–4. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00091.
• Bragazzi, N. L. 2013b. “Ethical, Political and Societal Implications of the Open Access Journal Movement in the Era of Economic Crisis, with Emphasis on Public Health Pharmacogenomics.” Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine 11(4):312–15. doi: 10.2174/1875692111666131126234122.
• Brumana, R., D. Oreni, B. Cuca, A. Rampini, and M. Pepe. 2012. “Open Access to Historical Atlas: Sources of Information and Services for Landscape Analysis in an SDI Framework.” Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 7334 LNCS(PART 2):397–413. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-31075-1_30.
• Brumana, R., D. Oreni, B. Cuca, A. Rampini, and M. Pepe. 2013. “Open Access to Historical Information for Landscape Analysis in an SDI Framework.” International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems 4(3):18–40. doi: 10.4018/ijaeis.2013070102.
• Brumana, R., P. Condoleo, A. Grimoldi, A. G. Landi, D. Attico, A. Turrina, F. Banfi, and M. Previtali. 2018. “HBIM Feeding Open Access Vault Inventory Through GeoDB HUB.” Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 11196 LNCS:27–38. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-01762-0_3.
• Brunato, M., and D. Severina. 2005. “WilmaGate: A New Open Access Gateway for Hotspot Management.” Pp. 56–64 in WMASH 2005 - Proceedings of the Third ACM International Workshop on Wireless Mobile Applications and Services on WLAN Hotspots. Vol. 2005.
• Calise, M., R. De Rosa, and X. F. I. Marín. 2010. “Electronic Publishing, Knowledge Sharing and Open Access: A New Environment for Political Science.” European Political Science 9(SUPPL. 1):S50–60. doi: 10.1057/eps.2010.35.
• Capaccioni, A. 2014. “The Scholarly Monograph and the Challenges of Open Access [La Monografia Scientifica e Le Sfide Dell’accesso Aperto].” AIB Studi 54(2–3):201–11. doi: 10.2426/aibstudi-10084.
• Capaccioni, A. 2018. “Open Access: For a Historical and Critical Approach [Open Access: Per Un Approccio Storico e Critico].” AIB Studi 58(1):109–18. doi: 10.2426/aibstudi-11752.
• Capaccioni, A. 2019. “The Open Access Monograph and the Developments of Open Access [La Monografia Ad Accesso Aperto e Gli Sviluppi Dell’Open Access].” JLIS.It 10(1):59–71. doi: 10.4403/jlis.it-12516.
• Carli, P., V. De Giorgi, B. Giannotti, S. Seidenari, G. Pellacani, K. Peris, D. Piccolo, P. Rubegni, and L. Andreassi. 2003. “Skin Cancer Day in Italy: Method of Referral to Open Access Clinics and Tumor Prevalence in the Examined Population.” European Journal of Dermatology 13(1):76–79.
• Carta, M. G., and M. C. Hardoy. 2005. “Why a New Online Open Access Journal in the Field of Clinical and Epidemiological Research in Mental Health?” Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health 1. doi: 10.1186/1745-0179-1-1.
• Cassella, M & Gargiulo P (2009) Open Access in Italy, 2009. (Unpublished) [Report].
• Castellucci, P., and C. Barillari. 2020. “The Circle Is Expanding around the World: Open Access against Pandemic [Il Cerchio Si Allarga Intorno al Mondo: Open Access Contro La Pandemia].” AIB Studi 60(1):43–54. doi: 10.2426/aibstudi-12054.
• Catalani, L. 2017. “Libraries and Wikimedia: Common Strategies for Open Access to Knowledge and the Collaborative Construction of Free Knowledge [Biblioteche e Wikimedia: Strategie Comuni per l’accesso Aperto Alla Conoscenza e La Costruzione Collaborativa Del Sapere Libero].” JLIS.It 8(3):101–14. doi: 10.4403/jlis.it-12413.
• Cattaneo, A., E. Haroon, K. P. Su, and C. M. Pariante. 2020. “Why We Do Need a New Gold Open Access Journal Called ‘Brain, Behavior, and Immunity – Health.’” Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 83:1–2. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.09.014.
• Chan, L., and S. Mornati. 2006. “Independent Journals: Solutions for Low-Cost, Open Access Journal Publishing.” P. 339 in Digital Spectrum: Integrating Technology and Culture - Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, ELPUB 2006.
• Chauvin, M., D. Borys, F. Botta, P. Bzowski, J. Dabin, A. M. Denis-Bacelar, A. Desbrée, N. Falzone, B. Q. Lee, A. Mairani, A. Malaroda, G. Mathieu, E. McKay, E. Mora-Ramirez, A. P. Robinson, D. Sarrut, L. Struelens, A. V. Gil, and M. Bardiès. 2020. “OpenDose: Open-Access Resource for Nuclear Medicine Dosimetry.” Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine 61(10):1514–19. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.119.240366.
• Chiodi, S. 2018. “Ethical Aspects in the Field of Open Access [Aspetti Etici Nel Campo Dell’Open Access].” Archeologia e Calcolatori 29(1):111–16.
• Choque-Velasquez, J., D. A. Kozyrev, R. Colasanti, P. Thiarawat, P. Intarakhao, B. R. Jahromi, and J. Hernesniemi. 2017. “The Open Access Video Collection Project ‘Hernesniemi’s 1001 and More Microsurgical Videos of Neurosurgery’: A Legacy for Educational Purposes.” Surgical Neurology International 8(1). doi: 10.4103/sni.sni_158_17.
• Cigola, M. 2020. “Open Access and Evaluation. War or Peace?” SCIRES-IT 10:21–24. doi: 10.2423/i22394303v10Sp21.
• Comba, V (2005) Italian Universities for Open Access: Towards Open Access for Scholarly Literature: Report of the Messina Workshop,  Library Hi Tech News, Vol. 22 (1): 16 -17. DOI: 10.1108/07419050510588232
• Comba, V. 2005. “Italian Universities for Open Access: Towards Open Access for Scholarly Literature: Report of the Messina Workshop.” Library Hi Tech News 22(1):16–17. doi: 10.1108/07419050510588232.
• Confalonieri, R., M. Donatelli, S. Bregaglio, F. N. Tubiello, and E. Fernandes. 2012. “Agroecological Zones Simulator (AZS): A Component Based, Open-Access, Transparent Platform for Climate Change - Crop Productivity Impact Assessment in Latin America.” Pp. 901–8 in iEMSs 2012 - Managing Resources of a Limited Planet: Proceedings of the 6th Biennial Meeting of the International Environmental Modelling and Software Society.
• Copiello, S. 2019. “The Open Access Citation Premium May Depend on the Openness and Inclusiveness of the Indexing Database, but the Relationship Is Controversial Because It Is Ambiguous Where the Open Access Boundary Lies.” Scientometrics 121(2):995–1018. doi: 10.1007/s11192-019-03221-w.
• Corona, P. 2020. “Pros and Cons of Open Access Journals: Paying to Read or Paying to Publish?” Annals of Silvicultural Research 44(2):64–65. doi: 10.12899/asr-1981.
• Cortegiani, A., E. Garofalo, A. Bruni, F. Sanfilippo, and F. Longhini. 2019. “Predatory Open-Access Publishing in Palliative and Supportive Care.” Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 57(3):e1–3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2018.11.021.
• Cortegiani, A., F. Longhini, F. Sanfilippo, S. M. Raineri, C. Gregoretti, and A. Giarratano. 2019. “Predatory Open-Access Publishing in Anesthesiology.” Anesthesia and Analgesia 128(1):182–87. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003803.
• Cortegiani, A., F. Sanfilippo, J. Tramarin, and A. Giarratano. 2019. “Predatory Open-Access Publishing in Critical Care Medicine.” Journal of Critical Care 50:247–49. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2018.12.016.
• Cortegiani, A., G. Misseri, C. Gregoretti, S. Einav, and A. Giarratano. 2019. “The Challenge of the Predatory Open-Access Publishing Outbreak.” European Journal of Anaesthesiology 36(11):810–13. doi: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001083.
• Dadkhah, M., and G. Bianciardi. 2016. “Predatory Practices Are Increasing among Some Open Access Medical and Biological Journals.” Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences 9(1):1–2. doi: 10.12816/0027001.
• Daga, A. P., A. Fasana, S. Marchesiello, and L. Garibaldi. 2019. “The Politecnico Di Torino Rolling Bearing Test Rig: Description and Analysis of Open Access Data.” Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 120:252–73. doi: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2018.10.010.
• De Castro, P and Poltronieri, E (2008), Taking the first steps towards institutional open access Research Information: June / July 2008.
• De Castro, P. 2007. “Institutional Archives for Research: Experiences and Projects in Open Access.” European Science Editing 33(1):5–6.
• De Castro, P., and S. Salinetti. 2004. “Quality of Grey Literature in the Open Access Era: Privilege and Responsibility.” Publishing Research Quarterly 20(1):4–12. doi: 10.1007/BF02910856.
• De Castro, P., D. Marsili, and E. Poltronieri. 2012. “Open Access, Empowerment and Cooperation in Public Health: The Keywords of the NECOBELAC Project [Accesso Aperto All’informazione, Empowerment e Cooperazione in Sanità Pubblica: Le Parole Chiave Del Progetto NECOBELAC].” Epidemiologia e Prevenzione 36(5):236.
• De Castro, P., S. Salinetti, and M. Banks. 2007. “Awareness and Empowerment in Document Production and Distribution as a ‘Must’ for Open Access: Experiences from the ‘Nancy Style’ to Guarantee Quality.” Pp. 95–100 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings.
• De Giorgi, V., A. Gori, B. Alfaioli, S. Rossari, M. Grazzini, M. A. Pata, S. Moretti, and T. Lotti. 2010. “Early Diagnosis for Melanoma: Is Open Access to Skin Cancer Clinics Really Significant? A Prospective Study.” Preventive Medicine 51(3–4):334–35. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.07.007.
• De Koning, D. J., F. Jaffrézic, M. S. Lund, M. Watson, C. Channing, I. Hulsegge, M. H. Pool, B. Buitenhuis, J. Hedegaard, H. Hornshøj, L. Jiang, P. Sørensen, G. Marot, C. Delmas, K. A. Lê Cao, M. San Cristobal, M. D. Baron, R. Malinverni, A. Stella, R. M. Brunner, H. M. Seyfert, K. Jensen, D. Mouzaki, D. Waddington, Á. Jiménez-Marín, M. Pérez-Alegre, E. Pérez-Reinado, R. Closset, J. C. Detilleux, P. Dovč, M. Lavrič, H. Nie, and L. Janss. 2007. “The EADGENE Microarray Data Analysis Workshop (Open Access Publication).” Genetics Selection Evolution 39(6):621–31. doi: 10.1051/gse:2007028.
• De Maestri, M. E., and C. Golda. 2018. “Big Data Flow from Space to the EU: Open Access and Open Dissemination Policy vs. The Common European Data Space.” in Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress, IAC. Vols. 2018-October.
• De Robbio, A., and M. Katzmayr. 2009. “Management of an International Open Access Repository: The Case of E-US [Management Eines Internationalen Open Access-Archivs: Das Beispiel E-LIS].” Information-Wissenschaft Und Praxis 60(5):285–90.
• Del Vecchio Blanco, G., R. Dwairi, M. Giannelli, G. Palmieri, V. Formica, I. Portarena, E. Grasso, L. Di Iorio, M. Benassi, E. A. Giudice, A. Nardecchia, P. Rossi, M. Roselli, G. Sica, G. Monteleone, and O. A. Paoluzi. 2021. “Clinical Care Pathway Program versus Open-Access System: A Study on Appropriateness, Quality, and Efficiency in the Delivery of Colonoscopy in the Colorectal Cancer.” Internal and Emergency Medicine. doi: 10.1007/s11739-020-02565-z.
• Delfino, B., F. Fornari, S. Massucco, and A. Morini. 2000. “Load-Frequency Control: New Perspectives in the Open Access Environment.” Pp. 1866–71 in Proceedings of the IEEE Power Engineering Society Transmission and Distribution Conference. Vol. 3.
• Delle Chiaie, R., B. Caronti, F. Macrì, S. Campi, M. Marino, A. Corrado, M. Caredda, and M. Biondi. 2012. “Open Access Anti-Purkinje Cell and Natural Autoantibodies in a Group of Psychiatric Patients. Evidences for a Correlation with the Psychopathological Status.” Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health 8:81–90. doi: 10.2174/1745017901208010081.
• Delle Donne, R. (2007) CRUI and Open Access in Italy, 2007. In Corriere della Sera. In Berlin 5 Open Access: From practice to impact : Consequences of Knowledge dissemination,Padova (Italy),19-21 September. (Unpublished) [Presentation].
• Di Salvo, I., M. Mwoka, T. Kwaga, P. A. Rukundo, D. S. Ernest, L. A. Osaheni, K. John, K. Shafik, and A. M. de Sousa. 2015. “Open Access, Open Education Resources and Open Data in Uganda.” Pan African Medical Journal 21. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2015.21.129.6325.
• Donne, R. D. 2018. “Open Access, Universities and SSH [L’accesso Aperto, Le Università e Le SSH].” Capitale Culturale 17:17–45. doi: 10.13138/2039-2362/1944.
• El Mendili, Y., A. Vaitkus, A. Merkys, S. Gražulis, D. Chateigner, F. Mathevet, S. Gascoin, S. Petit, J. F. Bardeau, M. Zanatta, M. Secchi, G. Mariotto, A. Kumar, M. Cassetta, L. Lutterotti, E. Borovin, B. Orberger, P. Simon, B. Hehlen, and M. Le Guen. 2019. “Raman Open Database: First Interconnected Raman–X-Ray Diffraction Open-Access Resource for Material Identification.” Journal of Applied Crystallography 52(3):618–25. doi: 10.1107/S1600576719004229.
• Ennas, G., and M. C. Di Guardo. 2015. “Features of Top-Rated Gold Open Access Journals: An Analysis of the Scopus Database.” Journal of Informetrics 9(1):79–89. doi: 10.1016/j.joi.2014.11.007.
• Farace, D., J. Frantzen, S. Biagioni, and C. Carlesi. 2019. “Data from: ‘Accessgrey, Securing Open Access to Grey Literature for Science and Society.’” Grey Journal 15(3):173–74.
• Farace, D., J. Frantzen, S. Biagioni, and C. Carlesi. 2020. “Data from ‘Greynet’s Capacity in Open Access Publishing: Mapping and Measuring Its Digital Trail via the Greyguide Portal and Repository.’” Grey Journal 16(3):220–21. doi: 10.17026/dans-x7y-wmyc.
• Farace, D., J. Frantzen, S. Biagioni, C. Carlesi, A. De Robbio, A. Češarek, C. de Blaaij, K. Ikeda, and J. Crowe. 2020. “Accessgrey: Securing Open Access to Grey Literature for Science and Society.” Grey Journal 16(3):153–59.
• Farace, D., J. Frantzen, S. Biagioni, C. Carlesi, A. de Robbio, A. Češarek, C. de Blaaij, K. Ikeda, and J. Crowe. 2020. “Accessgrey: Securing Open Access to Grey Literature for Science and Society.” Pp. 89–96 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings. Vols. 2020-October.
• Fava, G. A. 2014. “The Independence of Medical Journals and the Deceptive Effects of Open Access.” Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 83(1):1–5. doi: 10.1159/000355205.
• Fava, I. 2015. “Open Access Journals in Italy: State of the Art.” AIB Studi 55(3):373–84. doi: 10.2426/aibstudi-11291.
• Fontanin, M., and P. Castellucci. 2019. “Water to the Thirsty Reflections on the Ethical Mission of Libraries and Open Access.” Communications in Computer and Information Science 988:61–71. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-11226-4_5.
• Francesconi, E., and G. Peruginelli. 2012. “An Open Access Policy for Legal Informatics Dissemination and Sharing.” Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 7639 LNAI:162–70. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-35731-2_11.
• Galimberti, P and Vignocchi, M (2007) Time for a change: the Italian CRUI-Open Access Working Group’s action for a national etheses provision service. Unpublished paper.
• Galli, G., F. Purchiaroni, E. Lahner, M. C. Sacchi, E. Pilozzi, V. D. Corleto, E. Di Giulio, and B. Annibale. 2017. “Time Trend Occurrence of Duodenal Intraepithelial Lymphocytosis and Celiac Disease in an Open Access Endoscopic Population.” United European Gastroenterology Journal 5(6):811–18. doi: 10.1177/2050640616680971.
• Gallozzi, A., and L. J. Senatore. 2020. “OPEN ACCESS AND JOURNAL RANKING. FIRST CONSIDERATIONS.” SCIRES-IT 10:71–82. doi: 10.2423/i22394303v10Sp71.
• Gargiulo P (2006): Open Access in Italy: Achievements and Future Prospects; Published in the International Journal of Legal Information, Vol. 34, Issue 2.
• Gargiulo P and Fava, I (2011) Implementing OpenAire in Italy: challenges and lessons learned. Presentation at Eurocris Meeting, Bologna 26-27 May 2011.    
• Gargiulo, G. D., P. Bifulco, M. Cesarelli, A. McEwan, A. Nikpour, C. Jin, U. Gunawardana, N. Sreenivasan, A. Wabnitz, and T. J. Hamilton. 2019. “Fully Open-Access Passive Dry Electrodes BIOADC: Open-Electroencephalography (EEG) Re-Invented.” Sensors (Switzerland) 19(4). doi: 10.3390/s19040772.
• Gargiulo, P et al. (2005) PLEIADI: a portal solution for scholarly literature. In: ELPUB Proceedings, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium, 8-10 June, 2005.
• Gatto, M., and L. Ghezzi. 1990. “Modelling the Taxation of Overexploited Open-Access Fisheries.” Memoires - Societe Vaudoise Des Sciences Naturelles 18(3):213–25.
• Gatto, M., and L. Luigi Ghezzi. 1992. “Taxing Overexploited Open-Access Fisheries: The Role of Demand Elasticity.” Ecological Modelling 60(3–4):185–98. doi: 10.1016/0304-3800(92)90033-B.
• Giannini, S., and A. Molino. 2018. “Data from: ‘Grey Literature Citations in the Age of Digital Repositories and Open Access.’” Grey Journal 14(1):37–38. doi: 10.17026/dans-za8-89yb.
• Giannini, S., and A. Molino. 2020a. “Open Access - A Never-Ending Transition?” Pp. 67–88 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings. Vols. 2020-October.
• Giannini, S., and A. Molino. 2020b. “Open Access – a Never-Ending Transition?*.” Grey Journal 16(1):6–27.
• Giannini, S., S. Biagioni, S. Goggi, and G. Pardelli. 2016. “Grey Literature Citations in the Age of Digital Repositories and Open Access.” Pp. 137–45 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings.
• Giannini, S., S. Biagioni, S. Goggi, and G. Pardelli. 2017. “Grey Literature Citations in the Age of Digital Repositories and Open Access.” Grey Journal 13(1):23–31.
• Giaretta, E., M. Munerato, M. Yeste, G. Galeati, M. Spinaci, C. Tamanini, G. Mari, and D. Bucci. 2017. “Implementing an Open-Access CASA Software for the Assessment of Stallion Sperm Motility: Relationship with Other Sperm Quality Parameters.” Animal Reproduction Science 176:11–19. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.11.003.
• Gigante, D., G. Bacchetta, S. Bagella, and D. Viciani. 2020. “Does an Open Access Journal about Vegetation Still Make Sense in 2020?” Plant Sociology 57(1):85–88. doi: 10.3897/PLS2020571/09.
• Giglia, E. 2007a. “Institutional Archives for Tesearch: Experiences and Projects in Open Access.” Library Hi Tech News 24(2):6–8. doi: 10.1108/07419050710751616.
• Giglia, E. 2007b. “Open Access in the Biomedical Field: A Unique Opportunity for Researchers (and Research Itself).” Europa Medicophysica 43(2):203–13.
• Giglia, E. 2010a. “Berlin 7: Open Access Reaching Diverse Communities.” D-Lib Magazine 16(3–4). doi: 10.1045/march2010-giglia.
• Giglia, E. 2010b. “Open Access to Scientific Research: Where Are We and Where Are We Going? Facts and Figures on the Occasion of the 2010 Open Access Week (October 18-24).” European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 46(3):461–69.
• Giglia, E. 2010c. “The Impact Factor of Open Access Journals: Data and Trends.” Pp. 16–39 in ELPUB 2010 - Publishing in the Networked World: Transforming the Nature of Communication, 14th International Conference on Electronic Publishing.
• Giglia, E. 2011. “Open Access, Open Data: Paradigm Shifts in the Changing Scholarly Communication Scenario.” D-Lib Magazine 17(3–4). doi: 10.1045/march2011-giglia.
• Giglia, E. 2012. “Open Access 2012: Achievements, Further Steps, and Obstacles. An Interview with Stevan Harnad.” European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 48(3):535–39.
• Giglia, E., and A. Swan. 2012. “Open Access to Data for a New, Open Science.” European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 48(4):713–16.
• Giglia, E., and M. Vignocchi. 2007. “Open Access: Trends and Strategies after Berlin5.” Library Hi Tech News 24(9–10):1–5. doi: 10.1108/07419050710874160.
• Grandesso, P. 2017. “The Academic Publication Service AlmaDL Journals and the New Challenges of Open Access.” Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage 17:193–202. doi: 10.6092/issn.1973-9494/7956.
• Grassini, M., E. Battaglia, U. Giacobbe, P. Niola, and C. Verna. 2011. “Appropriateness in GI Endoscopy: A Model for the Governance of the Request in a Open Access Center [Come Migliorare l’appropriatezza in Endoscopia: Un Esempio Di Governo Della Domanda in Un Centro Ad Accesso Diretto].” Giornale Italiano Di Endoscopia Digestiva 34(1):67–71.
• Graulis, S., D. Chateigner, R. T. Downs, A. F. T. Yokochi, M. Quirós, L. Lutterotti, E. Manakova, J. Butkus, P. Moeck, and A. Le Bail. 2009. “Crystallography Open Database - An Open-Access Collection of Crystal Structures.” Journal of Applied Crystallography 42(4):726–29. doi: 10.1107/S0021889809016690.
• Graziotin, D., X. Wang, and P. Abrahamsson. 2014. “A Framework for Systematic Analysis of Open Access Journals and Its Application in Software Engineering and Information Systems.” Scientometrics 101(3):1627–56. doi: 10.1007/s11192-014-1278-7.
• Gražulis, S., A. Daškevič, A. Merkys, D. Chateigner, L. Lutterotti, M. Quirós, N. R. Serebryanaya, P. Moeck, R. T. Downs, and A. Le Bail. 2012. “Crystallography Open Database (COD): An Open-Access Collection of Crystal Structures and Platform for World-Wide Collaboration.” Nucleic Acids Research 40(D1):D420–27. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkr900.
• Guarda, P. 2011. “Open Access to Legal Scholarship and Open Archives: Towards a Better Future?” Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications 236:143–51. doi: 10.3233/978-1-60750-988-2-143.
• Haungs, A., D. Kang, S. Schoo, D. Wochele, J. Wochele, W. D. Apel, J. C. Arteaga-Velázquez, K. Bekk, M. Bertaina, J. Blümer, H. Bozdog, I. M. Brancus, E. Cantoni, A. Chiavassa, F. Cossavella, K. Daumiller, V. de Souza, F. Di Pierro, P. Doll, R. Engel, B. Fuchs, D. Fuhrmann, A. Gherghel-Lascu, H. J. Gils, R. Glasstetter, C. Grupen, D. Heck, J. R. Hörandel, T. Huege, K. H. Kampert, H. O. Klages, K. Link, P. Łuczak, H. J. Mathes, H. J. Mayer, J. Milke, B. Mitrica, C. Morello, J. Oehlschläger, S. Ostapchenko, M. Petcu, T. Pierog, H. Rebel, M. Roth, H. Schieler, F. G. Schröder, O. Sima, G. Toma, G. C. Trinchero, H. Ulrich, A. Weindl, and J. Zabierowski. 2018. “The KASCADE Cosmic-Ray Data Centre KCDC: Granting Open Access to Astroparticle Physics Research Data.” European Physical Journal C 78(9). doi: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6221-2.
• Ioannidou, S., C. Cascio, and M. B. Gilsenan. 2021. “European Food Safety Authority Open Access Tools to Estimate Dietary Exposure to Food Chemicals.” Environment International 149. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106357.
• Iorio, L. 2015. “Universe: An International Multidisciplinary Open Access Journal.” Universe 1(1):1–5. doi: 10.3390/universe1010001.
• Jaffrézic, F., D. J. De Koning, P. J. Boettcher, A. Bonnet, B. Buitenhuis, R. Closset, S. Déjean, C. Delmas, J. C. Detilleux, P. Dovč, M. Duval, J. L. Foulley, J. Hedegaard, H. Hornshøj, I. Hulsegge, L. Janss, K. Jensen, L. Jiang, M. Lavrič, K. A. Lê Cao, M. S. Lund, R. Malinverni, G. Marot, H. Nie, W. Petzl, M. H. Pool, C. Robert-Granié, M. San Cristobal, E. M. Van Schothorst, H. J. Schuberth, P. Sørensen, A. Stella, G. Tosser-Klopp, D. Waddington, M. Watson, W. Yang, H. Zerbe, and H. M. Seyfert. 2007. “Analysis of the Real EADGENE Data Set: Comparison of Methods and Guidelines for Data Normalisation and Selection of Differentially Expressed Genes (Open Access Publication).” Genetics Selection Evolution 39(6):633–50. doi: 10.1051/gse:2007029.
• Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2010, 29:168
• Karimi, H. R. 2017. “Designs: A Multidisciplinary Open-Access Engineering Journal.” Designs 1(1):1. doi: 10.3390/designs1010001.
• Kattge, J., G. Bönisch, S. Díaz, S. Lavorel, I. C. Prentice, P. Leadley, S. Tautenhahn, G. D. A. Werner, T. Aakala, M. Abedi, A. T. R. Acosta, G. C. Adamidis, K. Adamson, M. Aiba, C. H. Albert, J. M. Alcántara, C. Alcázar C, I. Aleixo, H. Ali, B. Amiaud, C. Ammer, M. M. Amoroso, M. Anand, C. Anderson, N. Anten, J. Antos, D. M. G. Apgaua, T. L. Ashman, D. H. Asmara, G. P. Asner, M. Aspinwall, O. Atkin, I. Aubin, L. Baastrup-Spohr, K. Bahalkeh, M. Bahn, T. Baker, W. J. Baker, J. P. Bakker, D. Baldocchi, J. Baltzer, A. Banerjee, A. Baranger, J. Barlow, D. R. Barneche, Z. Baruch, D. Bastianelli, J. Battles, W. Bauerle, M. Bauters, E. Bazzato, M. Beckmann, H. Beeckman, C. Beierkuhnlein, R. Bekker, G. Belfry, M. Belluau, M. Beloiu, R. Benavides, L. Benomar, M. L. Berdugo-Lattke, E. Berenguer, R. Bergamin, J. Bergmann, M. Bergmann Carlucci, L. Berner, M. Bernhardt-Römermann, C. Bigler, A. D. Bjorkman, C. Blackman, C. Blanco, B. Blonder, D. Blumenthal, K. T. Bocanegra-González, P. Boeckx, S. Bohlman, K. Böhning-Gaese, L. Boisvert-Marsh, W. Bond, B. Bond-Lamberty, A. Boom, C. C. F. Boonman, K. Bordin, E. H. Boughton, V. Boukili, D. M. J. S. Bowman, S. Bravo, M. R. Brendel, M. R. Broadley, K. A. Brown, H. Bruelheide, F. Brumnich, H. H. Bruun, D. Bruy, S. W. Buchanan, S. F. Bucher, N. Buchmann, R. Buitenwerf, D. E. Bunker, J. Bürger, S. Burrascano, D. F. R. P. Burslem, B. J. Butterfield, C. Byun, M. Marques, M. C. Scalon, M. Caccianiga, M. Cadotte, M. Cailleret, J. Camac, J. J. Camarero, C. Campany, G. Campetella, J. A. Campos, L. Cano-Arboleda, R. Canullo, M. Carbognani, F. Carvalho, F. Casanoves, B. Castagneyrol, J. A. Catford, J. Cavender-Bares, B. E. L. Cerabolini, M. Cervellini, E. Chacón-Madrigal, K. Chapin, F. S. Chapin, S. Chelli, S. C. Chen, A. Chen, P. Cherubini, F. Chianucci, B. Choat, K. S. Chung, M. Chytrý, D. Ciccarelli, L. Coll, C. G. Collins, L. Conti, D. Coomes, J. H. C. Cornelissen, W. K. Cornwell, P. Corona, M. Coyea, J. Craine, D. Craven, J. P. G. M. Cromsigt, A. Csecserits, K. Cufar, M. Cuntz, A. C. da Silva, K. M. Dahlin, M. Dainese, I. Dalke, M. Dalle Fratte, A. T. Dang-Le, J. Danihelka, M. Dannoura, S. Dawson, A. J. de Beer, A. De Frutos, J. R. De Long, B. Dechant, S. Delagrange, N. Delpierre, G. Derroire, A. S. Dias, M. H. Diaz-Toribio, P. G. Dimitrakopoulos, M. Dobrowolski, D. Doktor, P. Dřevojan, N. Dong, J. Dransfield, S. Dressler, L. Duarte, E. Ducouret, S. Dullinger, W. Durka, R. Duursma, O. Dymova, A. E-Vojtkó, R. L. Eckstein, H. Ejtehadi, J. Elser, T. Emilio, K. Engemann, M. B. Erfanian, A. Erfmeier, A. Esquivel-Muelbert, G. Esser, M. Estiarte, T. F. Domingues, W. F. Fagan, J. Fagúndez, D. S. Falster, Y. Fan, J. Fang, E. Farris, F. Fazlioglu, Y. Feng, F. Fernandez-Mendez, C. Ferrara, J. Ferreira, A. Fidelis, B. Finegan, J. Firn, T. J. Flowers, D. F. B. Flynn, V. Fontana, E. Forey, C. Forgiarini, L. François, M. Frangipani, D. Frank, C. Frenette-Dussault, G. T. Freschet, E. L. Fry, N. M. Fyllas, G. G. Mazzochini, S. Gachet, R. Gallagher, G. Ganade, F. Ganga, P. García-Palacios, V. Gargaglione, E. Garnier, J. L. Garrido, A. L. de Gasper, G. Gea-Izquierdo, D. Gibson, A. N. Gillison, A. Giroldo, M. C. Glasenhardt, S. Gleason, M. Gliesch, E. Goldberg, B. Göldel, E. Gonzalez-Akre, J. L. Gonzalez-Andujar, A. González-Melo, A. González-Robles, B. J. Graae, E. Granda, S. Graves, W. A. Green, T. Gregor, N. Gross, G. R. Guerin, A. Günther, A. G. Gutiérrez, L. Haddock, A. Haines, J. Hall, A. Hambuckers, W. Han, S. P. Harrison, W. Hattingh, J. E. Hawes, T. He, P. He, J. M. Heberling, A. Helm, S. Hempel, J. Hentschel, B. Hérault, A. M. Hereş, K. Herz, M. Heuertz, T. Hickler, P. Hietz, P. Higuchi, A. L. Hipp, A. Hirons, M. Hock, J. A. Hogan, K. Holl, O. Honnay, D. Hornstein, E. Hou, N. Hough-Snee, K. A. Hovstad, T. Ichie, B. Igić, E. Illa, M. Isaac, M. Ishihara, L. Ivanov, L. Ivanova, C. M. Iversen, J. Izquierdo, R. B. Jackson, B. Jackson, H. Jactel, A. M. Jagodzinski, U. Jandt, S. Jansen, T. Jenkins, A. Jentsch, J. R. P. Jespersen, G. F. Jiang, J. L. Johansen, D. Johnson, E. J. Jokela, C. A. Joly, G. J. Jordan, G. S. Joseph, D. Junaedi, R. R. Junker, E. Justes, R. Kabzems, J. Kane, Z. Kaplan, T. Kattenborn, L. Kavelenova, E. Kearsley, A. Kempel, T. Kenzo, A. Kerkhoff, M. I. Khalil, N. L. Kinlock, W. D. Kissling, K. Kitajima, T. Kitzberger, R. Kjøller, T. Klein, M. Kleyer, J. Klimešová, J. Klipel, B. Kloeppel, S. Klotz, J. M. H. Knops, T. Kohyama, F. Koike, J. Kollmann, B. Komac, K. Komatsu, C. König, N. J. B. Kraft, K. Kramer, H. Kreft, I. Kühn, D. Kumarathunge, J. Kuppler, H. Kurokawa, Y. Kurosawa, S. Kuyah, J. P. Laclau, B. Lafleur, E. Lallai, E. Lamb, A. Lamprecht, D. J. Larkin, D. Laughlin, Y. Le Bagousse-Pinguet, G. le Maire, P. C. le Roux, E. le Roux, T. Lee, F. Lens, S. L. Lewis, B. Lhotsky, Y. Li, X. Li, J. W. Lichstein, M. Liebergesell, J. Y. Lim, Y. S. Lin, J. C. Linares, C. Liu, D. Liu, U. Liu, S. Livingstone, J. Llusià, M. Lohbeck, Á. López-García, G. Lopez-Gonzalez, Z. Lososová, F. Louault, B. A. Lukács, P. Lukeš, Y. Luo, M. Lussu, S. Ma, C. Maciel Rabelo Pereira, M. Mack, V. Maire, A. Mäkelä, H. Mäkinen, A. C. M. Malhado, A. Mallik, P. Manning, S. Manzoni, Z. Marchetti, L. Marchino, V. Marcilio-Silva, E. Marcon, M. Marignani, L. Markesteijn, A. Martin, C. Martínez-Garza, J. Martínez-Vilalta, T. Mašková, K. Mason, N. Mason, T. J. Massad, J. Masse, I. Mayrose, J. McCarthy, M. L. McCormack, K. McCulloh, I. R. McFadden, B. J. McGill, M. Y. McPartland, J. S. Medeiros, B. Medlyn, P. Meerts, Z. Mehrabi, P. Meir, F. P. L. Melo, M. Mencuccini, C. Meredieu, J. Messier, I. Mészáros, J. Metsaranta, S. T. Michaletz, C. Michelaki, S. Migalina, R. Milla, J. E. D. Miller, V. Minden, R. Ming, K. Mokany, A. T. Moles, A. Molnár, J. Molofsky, M. Molz, R. A. Montgomery, A. Monty, L. Moravcová, A. Moreno-Martínez, M. Moretti, A. S. Mori, S. Mori, D. Morris, J. Morrison, L. Mucina, S. Mueller, C. D. Muir, S. C. Müller, F. Munoz, I. H. Myers-Smith, R. W. Myster, M. Nagano, S. Naidu, A. Narayanan, B. Natesan, L. Negoita, A. S. Nelson, E. L. Neuschulz, J. Ni, G. Niedrist, J. Nieto, Ü. Niinemets, R. Nolan, H. Nottebrock, Y. Nouvellon, A. Novakovskiy, K. O. Nystuen, A. O’Grady, K. O’Hara, A. O’Reilly-Nugent, S. Oakley, W. Oberhuber, T. Ohtsuka, R. Oliveira, K. Öllerer, M. E. Olson, V. Onipchenko, Y. Onoda, R. E. Onstein, J. C. Ordonez, N. Osada, I. Ostonen, G. Ottaviani, S. Otto, G. E. Overbeck, W. A. Ozinga, A. T. Pahl, C. E. T. Paine, R. J. Pakeman, A. C. Papageorgiou, E. Parfionova, M. Pärtel, M. Patacca, S. Paula, J. Paule, H. Pauli, J. G. Pausas, B. Peco, J. Penuelas, A. Perea, P. L. Peri, A. C. Petisco-Souza, A. Petraglia, A. M. Petritan, O. L. Phillips, S. Pierce, V. D. Pillar, J. Pisek, A. Pomogaybin, H. Poorter, A. Portsmuth, P. Poschlod, C. Potvin, D. Pounds, A. S. Powell, S. A. Power, A. Prinzing, G. Puglielli, P. Pyšek, V. Raevel, A. Rammig, J. Ransijn, C. A. Ray, P. B. Reich, M. Reichstein, D. E. B. Reid, M. Réjou-Méchain, V. R. de Dios, S. Ribeiro, S. Richardson, K. Riibak, M. C. Rillig, F. Riviera, E. M. R. Robert, S. Roberts, B. Robroek, A. Roddy, A. V. Rodrigues, A. Rogers, E. Rollinson, V. Rolo, C. Römermann, D. Ronzhina, C. Roscher, J. A. Rosell, M. F. Rosenfield, C. Rossi, D. B. Roy, S. Royer-Tardif, N. Rüger, R. Ruiz-Peinado, S. B. Rumpf, G. M. Rusch, M. Ryo, L. Sack, A. Saldaña, B. Salgado-Negret, R. Salguero-Gomez, I. Santa-Regina, A. C. Santacruz-García, J. Santos, J. Sardans, B. Schamp, M. Scherer-Lorenzen, M. Schleuning, B. Schmid, M. Schmidt, S. Schmitt, J. V. Schneider, S. D. Schowanek, J. Schrader, F. Schrodt, B. Schuldt, F. Schurr, G. Selaya Garvizu, M. Semchenko, C. Seymour, J. C. Sfair, J. M. Sharpe, C. S. Sheppard, S. Sheremetiev, S. Shiodera, B. Shipley, T. A. Shovon, A. Siebenkäs, C. Sierra, V. Silva, M. Silva, T. Sitzia, H. Sjöman, M. Slot, N. G. Smith, D. Sodhi, P. Soltis, D. Soltis, B. Somers, G. Sonnier, M. V. Sørensen, E. E. Sosinski, N. A. Soudzilovskaia, A. F. Souza, M. Spasojevic, M. G. Sperandii, A. B. Stan, J. Stegen, K. Steinbauer, J. G. Stephan, F. Sterck, D. B. Stojanovic, T. Strydom, M. L. Suarez, J. C. Svenning, I. Svitková, M. Svitok, M. Svoboda, E. Swaine, N. Swenson, M. Tabarelli, K. Takagi, U. Tappeiner, R. Tarifa, S. Tauugourdeau, C. Tavsanoglu, M. te Beest, L. Tedersoo, N. Thiffault, D. Thom, E. Thomas, K. Thompson, P. E. Thornton, W. Thuiller, L. Tichý, D. Tissue, M. G. Tjoelker, D. Y. P. Tng, J. Tobias, P. Török, T. Tarin, J. M. Torres-Ruiz, B. Tóthmérész, M. Treurnicht, V. Trivellone, F. Trolliet, V. Trotsiuk, J. L. Tsakalos, I. Tsiripidis, N. Tysklind, T. Umehara, V. Usoltsev, M. Vadeboncoeur, J. Vaezi, F. Valladares, J. Vamosi, P. M. van Bodegom, M. van Breugel, E. Van Cleemput, M. van de Weg, S. van der Merwe, F. van der Plas, M. T. van der Sande, M. van Kleunen, K. Van Meerbeek, M. Vanderwel, K. A. Vanselow, A. Vårhammar, L. Varone, M. Y. Vasquez Valderrama, K. Vassilev, M. Vellend, E. J. Veneklaas, H. Verbeeck, K. Verheyen, A. Vibrans, I. Vieira, J. Villacís, C. Violle, P. Vivek, K. Wagner, M. Waldram, A. Waldron, A. P. Walker, M. Waller, G. Walther, H. Wang, F. Wang, W. Wang, H. Watkins, J. Watkins, U. Weber, J. T. Weedon, L. Wei, P. Weigelt, E. Weiher, A. W. Wells, C. Wellstein, E. Wenk, M. Westoby, A. Westwood, P. J. White, M. Whitten, M. Williams, D. E. Winkler, K. Winter, C. Womack, I. J. Wright, S. J. Wright, J. Wright, B. X. Pinho, F. Ximenes, T. Yamada, K. Yamaji, R. Yanai, N. Yankov, B. Yguel, K. J. Zanini, A. E. Zanne, D. Zelený, Y. P. Zhao, J. Zheng, J. Zheng, K. Ziemińska, C. R. Zirbel, G. Zizka, I. C. Zo-Bi, G. Zotz, and C. Wirth. 2020. “TRY Plant Trait Database – Enhanced Coverage and Open Access.” Global Change Biology 26(1):119–88. doi: 10.1111/gcb.14904.
• Kautt, M., S. M. Anson, V. Saile, S. Scholz, P. Fugier, V. Lambertini, E. Abad, F. Dirne, H. Loeschner, and R. K. Leach. 2009. “Facilitating Open Innovation in Micro and Nano Technology by Providing Open Access to a Pan-European Toolbox Called EUMINAfab.” Pp. 11–24 in International Conferences on Multi-Material Micro Manufacture, 4M/International Conferences on Micro Manufacturing, ICOMM.
• Koschinsky, J., S. Koster, R. Patuelli, V. Royuela, and V. Tselios. 2014. “Editorial: REGION - The Online Open-Access Journal of ERSA.” Region 1(1):1–3. doi: 10.18335/region.v1i1.9.
• Kuchma, I. 2017. “Policy Framework and Roadmap for Open Access, Open Research Data and Open Science.” Pp. 333–52 in Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage. Vol. 4.
• Lamanna, A., R. Sorace, and D. Indennidate. 2016. “New Ways of Scientific Communication: Open Access and Open Data.” in Proceedings of the International Astronautical Congress, IAC.
• Lana, M. 2019. “Information Literacy Needs Open Access or: Open Access Is Not Only for Researchers.” Communications in Computer and Information Science 988:236–47. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-11226-4_19.
• Luzi, D., R. Di Cesare, R. Ruggieri, and L. Cerbara. 2009a. “Towards an Institutional Repository of the Italian National Research Council: A Survey on Open Access Experiences.” Grey Journal 5(1):35–47.
• Luzi, D., R. Di Cesare, R. Ruggieri, and L. Cerbara. 2009b. “Towards an Institutional Repository of the Italian National Research Council: A Survey on Open Access Experiences.” Pp. 27–38 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings.
• Lwoga, E. T., and F. Questier. 2014. “A Model for Measuring Open Access Adoption and Usage Behavior of Health Sciences Faculty Members.” Pp. 1298–1301 in IFMBE Proceedings. Vol. 41.
• Maina, S. 2015. “Oaspa: All You’d like to Know about Open Access.” European Science Editing 41(1):18.
• Mainardi, F. 2018. “Open-Access Publishing, a Double-Edged Blade.” Cephalalgia 38(4):808. doi: 10.1177/0333102417704416.
• Majka, P., S. Bai, S. Bakola, S. Bednarek, J. M. Chan, N. Jermakow, L. Passarelli, D. H. Reser, P. Theodoni, K. H. Worthy, X. J. Wang, D. K. Wójcik, P. P. Mitra, and M. G. P. Rosa. 2020. “Open Access Resource for Cellular-Resolution Analyses of Corticocortical Connectivity in the Marmoset Monkey.” Nature Communications 11(1). doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14858-0.
• Manca, A., G. Martinez, L. Cugusi, D. Dragone, G. Mercuro, and F. Deriu. 2017. “Predatory Open Access in Rehabilitation.” Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 98(5):1051–56. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2017.01.002.
• Manca, A., G. Martinez, L. Cugusi, D. Dragone, Z. Dvir, and F. Deriu. 2017. “The Surge of Predatory Open-Access in Neurosciences and Neurology.” Neuroscience 353:166–73. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.04.014.
• Manes, G., A. Balzano, P. Marone, M. Lioniello, and S. Mosca. 2002. “Appropriateness and Diagnostic Yield of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in an Open-Access Endoscopy System: A Prospective Observational Study Based on the Maastricht Guidelines.” Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 16(1):105–10. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01136.x.
• Manes, G., S. Mosca, A. Balzano, L. Amitrano, A. Bove, C. De Nucci, M. A. Guardascione, G. Lombardi, S. Picascia, E. Riccio, and P. V. Rocco. 2001. “Diffusion of Knowledge about Helicobacter Pylorias Assessed in an Open-Access Endoscopy System: A Prospective Observational Study Based on the Maastricht Guidelines.” Digestive Diseases 19(2):158–63. doi: 10.1159/000050671.
• Manes, G., V. Imbesi, S. Ardizzone, A. Cassinotti, M. Bosani, A. Massari, and G. B. Porro. 2008. “Appropriateness and Diagnostic Yield of Colonoscopy in the Management of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Study in an Open Access Endoscopy Service.” Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 14(8):1133–38. doi: 10.1002/ibd.20434.
• Manna, M. 2016. “The International Journal of Turbomachinery Propulsion and Power: The Open Access Dissemination Tool for Research on Turbomachinery.” International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 1(1). doi: 10.3390/ijtpp1010001.
• Mansi, C., G. S. Mela, V. Savarino, M. R. Mele, F. Valle, and G. Celle. 1993. “Open Access Endoscopy: A Large-Scale Analysis of Its Use in Dyspeptic Patients.” Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology 16(2):149–54. doi: 10.1097/00004836-199303000-00015.
• Marangi, G. F., F. Segreto, M. Signoretti, V. Cazzato, and P. Persichetti. 2018. “Functional Results of a Modified Extracorporeal Septoplasty with Open Access.” Annals of Plastic Surgery 81(1):55–61. doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000001444.
• March 2013: Position Statement on Open Access to Research Outputs in Italy.
• Marchitelli, A. 2008. “OJS and OCS: Upgrading Journals, Conferences, and Scholarly Communications to Open Access.” European Science Editing 34(1):7–8.
• Mardani, M., H. Mardani, L. De Simone, S. Varas, N. Kita, and T. Saito. 2019. “Integration of Machine Learning and Open Access Geospatial Data for Land Cover Mapping.” Remote Sensing 11(16). doi: 10.3390/rs11161907.
• Margoni, T., R. Caso, R. Ducato, P. Guarda, and V. Moscon. 2016. “Open Access, Open Science, Open Society.” Pp. 75–86 in Positioning and Power in Academic Publishing: Players, Agents and Agendas - Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, ELPUB 2016.
• Marinelli, E., G. Montanari Vergallo, F. P. Busardò, and S. Zaami. 2016. “The Importance of Disclosing the Conflict of Interest (CoI) in the Era of Open Access Publishing.” European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences 20(1):194–95.
• Marra, M. 2015. “The Recent Italian Regulations about the Open-Access Availability of Publicly Funded Research Publications, and the Documentation Landscape in Astrophysics.” Pp. 116–19 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings.
• Marras, C. 2013. “AGORA - Scholarly Open Access Research in Philosophy an Overview.” Beitrage Zur Geschichte Der Sprachwissenschaft 23(2):295–301.
• Meggio, A., G. Mariotti, M. Gentilini, and G. de Pretis. 2019. “Priority and Appropriateness of Upper Endoscopy Out-Patient Referrals: Two-Period Comparison in an Open-Access Unit.” Digestive and Liver Disease 51(11):1562–66. doi: 10.1016/j.dld.2019.05.028.
• Mele, S. 2007. “Open Access Publishing in High-Energy Physics.” Pp. 15–23 in Openness in Digital Publishing: Awareness, Discovery and Access - Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Electronic Publishing, ELPUB 2007.
• Meucci, G., F. Radaelli, A. Prada, A. Bortoli, S. Crotta, C. Cerrato, and G. Minoli. 2005. “Increased Prevalence of Migraine in Patients with Uninvestigated Dyspepsia Referred for Open-Access Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.” Endoscopy 37(7):622–25. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-870251.
• Miccoli, P., R. Rumiati, and D. Checchi. 2020. “Open Access Of Research: Which Role In The Processes Of Evaluation? Experience By The Agenzia Nazionale Di Valutazione Del Sistema Universitario E Della Ricerca (Anvur).” SCIRES-IT 10:17–20. doi: 10.2423/i22394303v10Sp17.
• Michetti, E., C. Lovascio, and S. Morici. 2018. “Open Access to Scientific Literature: A Multilevel Analysis [L’accesso Aperto Alla Letteratura Scientifica: Un’analisi Multilivello].” Capitale Culturale 17:71–93. doi: 10.13138/2039-2362/1904.
• Migheli, M., and G. B. Ramello. 2013. “Open Access, Social Norms and Publication Choice.” European Journal of Law and Economics 35(2):149–67. doi: 10.1007/s10657-013-9388-x.
• Minoli, G., A. Prada, G. Gambetta, A. Formenti, R. Schalling, L. Lai, and A. Pera. 1995. “The ASGE Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in an Open Access System.” Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 42(5):387–89. doi: 10.1016/S0016-5107(95)70036-6.
• Minoli, G., G. Meucci, A. Bortoli, A. Garripoli, R. Gullotta, P. Leo, A. Pera, A. Prada, F. Rocca, and A. Zambelli. 2000. “The ASGE Guidelines for the Appropriate Use of Colonoscopy in an Open Access System.” Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 52(1):39–44. doi: 10.1067/mge.2000.106683.
• Moja, L., I. Moschetti, M. Cinquini, V. Sala, A. Compagnoni, P. Duca, C. Deligant, R. Manfrini, L. Clivio, R. Satolli, A. Addis, J. M. Grimshaw, P. Dri, and A. Liberati. 2008. “Clinical Evidence Continuous Medical Education: A Randomised Educational Trial of an Open Access e-Learning Program for Transferring Evidence-Based Information - ICEKUBE (Italian Clinical Evidence Knowledge Utilization Behaviour Evaluation) - Study Protocol.” Implementation Science 3(1). doi: 10.1186/1748-5908-3-37.
• Montanari, M., R. Trojanis, S. Bernardoni, and L. Tepedino. 2015. “Open History Map - A New Approach to Open Access for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage.” Pp. 479–80 in 2015 Digital Heritage International Congress, Digital Heritage 2015.
• Morini, S., C. Hassan, G. Meucci, A. Toldi, A. Zullo, and G. Minoli. 2001. “Diagnostic Yield of Open Access Colonoscopy According to Appropriateness.” Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 54(2):175–79. doi: 10.1067/mge.2001.116565.
• Mosconi, P., and A. Roberto. 2012. “Open-Access Clinical Trial Registries: The Italian Scenario.” Trials 13. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-13-194.
• Moyes, C. L., W. H. Temperley, A. J. Henry, C. R. Burgert, and S. I. Hay. 2013. “Providing Open Access Data Online to Advance Malaria Research and Control.” Malaria Journal 12(1). doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-161.
• Musumeci, G. 2016. “Welcome to the New Open Access Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology.” Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 1(1):1–5. doi: 10.3390/jfmk1010001.
• Negrini, S. 2007. “Europa Medicophysica and Its ‘Free Full Text’ in Internet: Toward the First Open Access of a General Rehabilitation Journal.” Europa Medicophysica 43(2):135–37.
• Novemebr 2013: Towards an Open Access Italian Network
• Pastorino, R., S. Milovanovic, J. Stojanovic, L. Efremov, R. Amore, and S. Boccia. 2016. “Quality Assessment of Studies Published in Open Access and Subscription Journals: Results of a Systematic Evaluation.” PLoS ONE 11(5). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154217.
• Pavan, D., F. Antonini-Canterin, and G. L. Nicolosi. 2000. “Open Access Echocardiography in Patients with Suspected or Confirmed Heart Failure [Open Access Echocardiography per i Pazienti Con Scompenso Cardiaco Sospetto o Accertato.].” Italian Heart Journal. Supplement : Official Journal of the Italian Federation of Cardiology 1(11):1417–22.
• Piazzini, T. 2020. “Open Access as a New Paradigm. An Inevitable Evolution?” JLIS.It 11(3):99–109. doi: 10.4403/jlis.it-12631.
• Pierantonio, A., M. van den Brand, and B. Combemale. 2020. “Open Access All You Wanted to Know and Never Dared to Ask.” Journal of Object Technology 19(1). doi: 10.5381/JOT.2020.19.1.E1.
• Pohlmann, A., S. J. Back, A. Fekete, I. Friedli, S. Hectors, N. P. Jerome, M. C. Ku, D. L. Longo, M. Meier, J. M. Millward, J. S. Periquito, E. Seeliger, S. D. Serai, S. Waiczies, S. Sourbron, C. Laustsen, and T. Niendorf. 2021. “Recommendations for Preclinical Renal Mri: A Comprehensive Open-Access Protocol Collection to Improve Training, Reproducibility, and Comparability of Studies.” Methods in Molecular Biology 2216:3–23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0978-1_1.
• Poltronieri, E et.al (2010) Science, institutional archives and open access: an overview and a pilot survey on the Italian cancer research institutions
• Poltronieri, E., E. Bravo, M. Curti, M. Ferri, and C. Mancini. 2016. “Open Access Publishing Trend Analysis: Statistics beyond the Perception.” Information Research 21(2).
• Poltronieri, E., E. Bravo, T. Camerini, M. Ferri, R. Rizzo, R. Solimini, and G. Cognetti. 2013. “Where on Earth to Publish? A Sample Survey Comparing Traditional and Open Access Publishing in the Oncological Field.” Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research 32(1). doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-4.
• Poltronieri, E., I. Truccolo, C. Di Benedetto, M. Castelli, M. Mazzocut, and G. Cognetti. 2010. “Science, Institutional Archives and Open Access: An Overview and a Pilot Survey on the Italian Cancer Research Institutions.” Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research 29(1). doi: 10.1186/1756-9966-29-168.
• Porras, P., E. Barrera, A. Bridge, N. del-Toro, G. Cesareni, M. Duesbury, H. Hermjakob, M. Iannuccelli, I. Jurisica, M. Kotlyar, L. Licata, R. C. Lovering, D. J. Lynn, B. Meldal, B. Nanduri, K. Paneerselvam, S. Panni, C. Pastrello, M. Pellegrini, L. Perfetto, N. Rahimzadeh, P. Ratan, S. Ricard-Blum, L. Salwinski, G. Shirodkar, A. Shrivastava, and S. Orchard. 2020. “Towards a Unified Open Access Dataset of Molecular Interactions.” Nature Communications 11(1). doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19942-z.
• Procter-Legg, E., A. Cacchione, S. Abbas Petersen, and M. Winter. 2014. Open Access to Formal and Informal Learning: Methods and Technologies Mobile Language Learners as Social Networkers.
• Radaelli, F., E. Strocchi, S. Passaretti, E. Strada, R. Frego, M. Dinelli, D. Fossati, F. Barzaghi, E. Limido, A. Bortoli, D. Della Casa, G. Missale, L. Snider, R. Noris, G. Viviani, and G. Minoli. 2004. “Is Esophageal PH Monitoring Used Appropriately in an Open-Access System? A Prospective Multicenter Study.” American Journal of Gastroenterology 99(11):2115–20. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.40175.x.
• Raieli, R. 2017. “Will Is Power: AIB Studi and the Road to the Open Access [Volere è Potere: AIB Studi e Il Percorso Verso l’open Access].” AIB Studi 57(3):543–72. doi: 10.2426/aibstudi-11705.
• Ricci, F., A. Subramanian, and M. Wade. 2015. “Open Access to High-Content Clonogenic Analysis.” Journal of Biomolecular Screening 20(3):391–401. doi: 10.1177/1087057114557775.
• Rigoli, M., A. Facchin, D. Cardile, N. Beschin, and C. Luzzatti. 2020. “Open-Source Open-Access Reaction Time Test (OORTT): An Easy Tool to Assess Reaction Times.” Neurological Sciences. doi: 10.1007/s10072-020-04839-y.
• Rinaldi, A. 2014. “Spinning the Web of Open Science: Social Networks for Scientists and Data Sharing, Together with Open Access, Promise to Change the Way Research Is Conducted and Communicated.” EMBO Reports 15(4):342–46. doi: 10.1002/embr.201438659.
• Riquelme, A., M. Del Soldato, R. Tomás, M. Cano, L. Jordá Bordehore, and S. Moretti. 2019. “Digital Landform Reconstruction Using Old and Recent Open Access Digital Aerial Photos.” Geomorphology 329:206–23. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.01.003.
• Rossi, A. M. 2011. “Scholarly Outputs in Health Sciences: Publication Process and Open Access.” European Science Editing 37(1):13.
• Ruggieri, R., F. Pecoraro, and D. Luzi. 2021. “An Intersectional Approach to Analyse Gender Productivity and Open Access: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Italian National Research Council.” Scientometrics 126(2):1647–73. doi: 10.1007/s11192-020-03802-0.
• Ruotolo, G. M. 2019. “Right to Science and Open Access to Legal Knowledge in International and European Law.” Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications 317:101–9. doi: 10.3233/FAIA190012.
• Sandal, M. 2008. “Future of Open Access Could Be Online and Peer-Reviewed.” Nature 454(7201):158. doi: 10.1038/454158b.
• Scalco, D. L. 2020. “Some Reflections on ‘Usage Time’ for Open Access in the Humanities [Open Access e Pratica Umanistica: Alcune Riflessioni Sui Tempi d’utilizzo].” Societa e Storia 2020(167):165–77. doi: 10.3280/SS2020-167009.
• SCOAP Working Party (2007) Towards Open Access Publishing in High Energy Physics Report of the SCOAP3 Working Party. CERN: Geneva.
• Severina, D., A. Ordine, M. Brunato, and L. Veltri. 2006. “UniWireless: A Distributed Open Access Network.” Pp. 30–36 in wmash 2006 - Proceedings of the Fourth ACM International Workshop on Wireless Mobile Applications and Services on WLAN Hotspots. Vol. 2006.
• Sica, G. S., S. Di Carlo, S. D’Ugo, C. Arcudi, L. Siragusa, L. Fazzolari, L. Biancone, G. Monteleone, M. Cardi, and S. Sibio. 2020. “Minimal Open Access Ileocolic Resection in Complicated Crohn’s Disease of the Terminal Ileum.” Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2020. doi: 10.1155/2020/6019435.
• Sodo, M., U. Bracale, G. Merola, T. Strazzullo, E. Spera, and E. Di Salvo. 2014. “Is There a Role for Open Access Surgery in Adrenal Gland Malignancies?” Minerva Chirurgica 69(2 SUPPL.1):45–48.
• Sousa, L., V. Silva, and P. Bazzurro. 2017. “Using Open-Access Data in the Development of Exposure Data Sets of Industrial Buildings for Earthquake Risk Modeling.” Earthquake Spectra 33(1):63–84. doi: 10.1193/020316EQS027M.
• Testi, D., E. Menchetti, E. Schito, and W. Grassi. 2013. “An Open Access Tool for Building Energy Audits Harmonizing European Standards.” Pp. 225–32 in Building Simulation Applications. Vols. 2013-January.
• Tinelli, A., A. Malvasi, G. Hudelist, O. Istre, and J. Keckstein. 2009. “Abdominal Access in Gynaecologic Laparoscopy: A Comparison between Direct Optical and Open Access.” Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques 19(4):529–33. doi: 10.1089/lap.2008.0322.
• Tompkins, A. M., M. I. O. De Záratate, R. I. Saurral, C. Vera, C. Saulo, W. J. Merryfield, M. Sigmond, W. S. Lee, J. Baehr, A. Braun, A. Butler, M. Déqué, F. J. Doblas-Reyes, M. Gordon, A. A. Scacaife, Y. Imada, M. Ishii, T. Ose, B. Kirtmatmatman, A. Kumar, W. A. Müller, A. Pirani, T. Stockdale, M. Rixen, and T. Yasuda. 2017. “The Climate-System Historical Forecast Project: Providing Open Access to Seasonal Forecast Ensembles from Centers around the Globe.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 98(11):2293–2301. doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0209.1.
• Turbanti, S. 2018. “From Oldenburg to Open Access: What Future for Scientific Journals? [Da Oldenburg All’accesso Aperto: Quale Futuro per Le Riviste Scientifiche?].” AIB Studi 58(3):491–506. doi: 10.2426/aibstudi-11906.
• Turner, W., C. Rondinini, N. Pettorelli, B. Mora, A. K. Leidner, Z. Szantoi, G. Buchanan, S. Dech, J. Dwyer, M. Herold, L. P. Koh, P. Leimgruber, H. Taubenboeck, M. Wegmann, M. Wikelski, and C. Woodcock. 2015. “Free and Open-Access Satellite Data Are Key to Biodiversity Conservation.” Biological Conservation 182:173–76. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.11.048.
• Turone, F. 2013. “Open Access, Impact and Quality: An Even Harder Future for Gatekeepers?” Epidemiology Biostatistics and Public Health 10(2). doi: 10.2427/8953.
• Ugalde-Loo, C. E., O. D. Adeuyi, S. Wang, J. Liang, N. Jenkins, S. Ceballos, M. Santos, I. Vidaurrazaga, S. D’Arco, G. Bergna, M. Barenys, M. Parker, S. Finney, A. Gatti, A. Pitto, M. Rapizza, D. Cirio, P. Lund, A. Castro, and I. Azpiri. 2017. “Open Access Simulation Toolbox for the Grid Connection of Offshore Wind Farms Using Multi-Terminal HVDC Networks.” in IET Conference Publications. Vol. 2017.
• Vertechy, R., M. Fontana, G. Stiubianu, and M. Cazacu. 2014. “Open-Access Dielectric Elastomer Material Database.” in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. Vol. 9056.
• Wessels, B., R. L. Finn, P. Linde, P. Mazzetti, S. Nativi, S. Riley, R. Smallwood, M. J. Taylor, V. Tsoukala, K. Wadhwa, and S. Wyatt. 2014. “Issues in the Development of Open Access to Research Data.” Prometheus (United Kingdom) 32(1):49–66. doi: 10.1080/08109028.2014.956505.
• Wray, S., M. Self, P. A. Lewis, J. W. Taanman, N. S. Ryan, C. J. Mahoney, Y. Liang, M. J. Devine, U. M. Sheerin, H. Houlden, H. R. Morris, D. Healy, J. F. Marti-Masso, E. Preza, S. Barker, M. Sutherland, R. A. Corriveau, M. D’Andrea, A. H. V. Schapira, R. J. Uitti, M. Guttman, G. Opala, B. Jasinska-Myga, A. Puschmann, C. Nilsson, A. J. Espay, J. Slawek, L. Gutmann, B. F. Boeve, K. Boylan, A. Jon Stoessl, O. A. Ross, N. J. Maragakis, J. Van Gerpen, M. Gerstenhaber, K. Gwinn, T. M. Dawson, O. Isacson, K. S. Marder, L. N. Clark, S. E. Przedborski, S. Finkbeiner, J. D. Rothstein, Z. K. Wszolek, M. N. Rossor, J. Hardy, J. F. Gusella, M. E. MacDonald, V. C. Wheeler, C. A. Ross, S. Akimov, J. Arjomand, L. M. Thompson, A. King, N. Hermanowicz, S. Winokur, C. N. Svendsen, V. Mattis, M. Onorati, E. Cattaneo, N. D. Allen, P. J. Kemp, K. S. Kim, S. Przedborski, J. Feng, V. M. Y. Lee, J. Q. Trojanowski, D. James Surmeier, C. E. Henderson, T. Maniatis, K. Eggan, and M. E. Cudowicz. 2012. “Creation of an Open-Access, Mutation-Defined Fibroblast Resource for Neurological Disease Research.” PLoS ONE 7(8). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043099.
• Zucchi, F., M. Varenna, L. Binelli, D. Ghiringhelli, and L. Sinigaglia. 1998. “Analysis of Referral to an Open Access Bone Densitometry Service. A Study on 8746 Subjects to Optimize Clinical Indications for Bone Mass Measurement [Analisi Dei Motivi Di Invio Alla Densitometria Ossea Di Una Casistica Di 8746 Soggetti. Proposte per Un Corretto Utilizzo Delle Potenzialita Di Un Ambulatorio per La Diagnosi e La Cura Dell’osteoporosi].” Reumatismo 50(3):223–29.