Sections
 

Introduction

Modernization of Japan from the late 19th century is based on the idea of systematic scientific progress. It has determined the structure of higher education, R & D funding and scholarly communication in contemporary Japan. In Japan there is rapid industrial advances with world level products and scholarly publishing also enjoys its share of exposure.

Japan has one of the highest density of repositories, 683 institutional repositories in its fold (OpenDOAR). Having made considerable open access progress, Japan continues its mission to facilitate global access of its research outputs with a variety of outreach programmes and initiatives with funding from Societies, Government and through International liaison.

As of March 2021, there are 43 OA journals published in Japan which are indexed in DOAJ.

Enabling Environment

In Japan, more than 130 academic institutions have introduced institutional repositories and over 700,0000 full text scholarly articles are open to the public via the national portal site JAIRO (Japanese Institutional Repositories Online). Almost 100 repositories are hosted in university libraries.  Academia are pushing towards OA with arguments such  as journal price pressure, universities wanting public relations, accountability for public funding among other reasons. About 2000 journal titles (from scholarly societies) are published out of which  about 300 are in english.

Institutional Repositories at universities are seeking for new directions, such as mandatory deposit of research articles. In  November 2010, e-science experts from nine countries met in The Royal Library, Copenhagen, for eSciDoc Days 2010 to share and discuss their projects and developments. Scientific institutions, science service institutions, universities, and libraries in Europe, North America, and Japan are using eSciDoc research results to build up e-science environments. Partners of the eSciDoc of Max Planck Society in Japan  is a value-added repository with various new features. As the deposit to PubMed  Central is now mandatory under the new Public Access Policy, the number of deposited articles has been increasing dramatically.

BioMed Central is a leading open access publisher with over 200 online journals, which are increasingly popular with authors from Japan. A number of Japanese societies have also chosen to publish their official journals with BioMed Central and it is keen to have further discussion  with Japanese research institutions regarding open access, assist in population of institutional repositories and help institutions to support open access through our Institutional Membership Program.

Potential Barriers

Open access has not been taken seriously in Japan with no signatories on Berlin Declaration.  Self archiving by scientists is still not quite a popular mode of publishing. Self-archiving Stats show that scientists are generally neither interested in nor aware of open access In Japan, therefore highlighting a need for more OA awareness-raising campaigns. No major OA publisher as yet. There is a need to establish a national OA policy. By December 2015, the government of Japan aims to improve transparency of the information on the official development assistance, including agricultural projects in accordance with the commitment made at the fourth high-level forum on aid effectiveness.

Funding Mandate

Open Access Japan, a joint project of two research grant-in-aid projects funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, "Integrated Research on Transformation of Scholarly Communication in Open Access Movement (Principal Investigator: Keiko KURATA, Keio University) and "Reengineering of the Functionalities of Research Libraries in the Digital Milieu(REFORM)"(Principal Investigator: Syun TUTIYA, Chiba University), has been launched with a view to facilitating the information and communication among researchers, librarians and publishers in Japanese concerning issues on Open Access as one of the currently most heavily discussed topics in scholarly communication.

Government funds universities to host repositories extending the funding for indexing service that existed earlier.  Two OA services - NACSIS-ELS that provides 2.8M articles in 1,000 society journals and  J-STAGE hosts about 200 journals as open access made possible by government funding.

As of May 2015, OpenDOAR shows 184 OA repositories to be operating in Japan. There is currently no national open Access policy. ROARMAP lists 5 OA policies, two of which are funders' mandates and three institutional OA policies. On 1 April 2013, a new repository mandate was issued by the Japanese ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.

Events and Programs

Past and Future OA related Activities

       November 1, 2019 from 1:15pm to 2pm – Japan

       Organized by Hokkaido University Library | Type: talk

       October 31, 2019 from 1:15pm to 2pm – Japan

       Organized by Hokkaido University Library | Type: talk

       October 29, 2019 from 1:15pm to 2pm – Japan

       Organized by Hokkaido University Library | Type: talk

       October 28, 2019 from 4:30pm to 6pm – Japan

       Organized by Hokkaido University Library | Type: seminar

       October 25, 2019 from 1pm to 2:30pm – Japan

       Organized by Hokkaido university library medical group | Type: seminar

       October 25, 2019 from 1:15pm to 2pm – Japan

       Organized by Hokkaido University Library | Type: talk

       October 24, 2019 from 1:30pm to 5pm – Japan

       Organized by SPARC Japan | Type: seminar

       October 24, 2019 from 5pm to 6:30pm – Japan

       Organized by Hokkaido university library medical group | Type: seminar

       October 23, 2019 from 5pm to 6:30pm – Japan

       Organized by University of Tokyo Libraries for Engineering and Information Science & Technology | Type: lecture

       October 23, 2019 from 6pm to 7:30pm – Japan

       Organized by Hokkaido university library medical group | Type: seminar

       October 25, 2018 from 10am to 4:15pm – Japan

       Organized by SPARC Japan | Type: seminar

       October 22, 2018 to October 28, 2018 – Japan

       Organized by SUGITA Shigeki | Type: real-life, room, escape

       October 30, 2017 from 11am to 4:45pm – Japan

       Organized by SPARC Japan | Type: seminar

       October 28, 2016 from 1:30pm to 5pm – Japan

       Organized by Hideki Uchijima | Type: workshop

       October 28, 2016 from 1:30pm to 5pm – Japan

       Organized by Hideki Uchijima | Type: workshop

       October 26, 2016 from 1pm to 5:15pm – Japan

       Organized by SPARC Japan / Co-hosted by Research Data Utilization Forum | Type: seminar

       October 21, 2015 from 10:15am to 5:45pm – Japan

       Organized by SPARC Japn | Type: seminar

Open Science and Open Data Related Events

  • March 2016: Making data sharing work in the era of Open Science: The 7th Research Data Alliance (RDA) Plenary
  • The event was hosted and co-organized by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST).  The Research Data Alliance (RDA) holds its plenary meeting every six months in a different region around the world. This was the first such meeting to be held in Asia.
  • The 7th Plenary included sessions dedicated to adoption and success stories. Participants had the opportunity to learn about the RDA and how to get involved in its activities.
  • It brought together a unique community of data scientists, librarians, computer and domain scientists, policy makers and strategists to meet and discuss concrete actions and plans. 
  • October 2015: OA policies by HORIZON 2020 and international issues regarding Open Science
  • The symposium accelerated a national policy regarding Open Science which is being considered for the country.
  • It provided a platform for participants to share information about the current situation and future of OA policies and OA supporting projects of the EU from the perspective of research promotion and the role of university libraries.
  • HORIZON 2020 is a European international research, development and innovation promoting project. It declares that research outputs including research data produced as part of their funded project should be OA. University library consortia are implementing several projects to support EU countries in adopting OA policies, researchers in following to OA, and research communities in participating in open data projects. 

Publications

  1. Asai, S. 2019. “Changes in Revenue Structure of a Leading Open Access Journal Publisher: The Case of BMC.” Scientometrics 121(1):53–63. doi: 10.1007/s11192-019-03200-1.
  2. Asai, S. 2020a. “An Analysis of Revising Article Processing Charges for Open Access Journals between 2018 and 2020.” Learned Publishing. doi: 10.1002/leap.1334.
  3. Asai, S. 2020b. “Market Power of Publishers in Setting Article Processing Charges for Open Access Journals.” Scientometrics 123(2):1037–49. doi: 10.1007/s11192-020-03402-y.
  4. Asai, S. 2020c. “The Effect of Collaboration with Large Publishers on the Internationality and Influence of Open Access Journals for Research Institutions.” Scientometrics 124(1):663–77. doi: 10.1007/s11192-020-03426-4.
  5. Austin, R. H., V. H. Crespi, A. T. C. Johnson, M. Tanaka, and E. G. Wang. 2011. “Editorial: Welcome to AIP Advances-a New Open-Access Journal from the American Institute of Physics.” AIP Advances 1(1). doi: 10.1063/1.3555832.
  6. Barroga, E. F. 2013. “Cascading Peer Review for Open-Access Publishing.” European Science Editing 39(4):90–91.
  7. Dhahri, C., and T. Ohtsuki. 2014a. “Adaptive Q-Learning Cell Selection Method for Open-Access Femtocell Networks: Multi-User Case.” IEICE Transactions on Communications E97-B(8):1679–88. doi: 10.1587/transcom.E97.B.1679.
  8. Dhahri, C., and T. Ohtsuki. 2014b. “Cell Selection for Open-Access Femtocell Networks: Learning in Changing Environment.” Physical Communication 13(PB):42–52. doi: 10.1016/j.phycom.2014.04.008.
  9. Elsabry, E. 2017. “Claims about Benefits of Open Access to Society (Beyond Academia).” Pp. 34–43 in Expanding Perspectives on Open Science: Communities, Cultures and Diversity in Concepts and Practices - Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Electronic Publishing.
  10. Erfanmanesh, M., and J. A. Teixeira da Silva. 2019. “Is the Soundness-Only Quality Control Policy of Open Access Mega Journals Linked to a Higher Rate of Published Errors?” Scientometrics 120(2):917–23. doi: 10.1007/s11192-019-03153-5.
  11. Farace, D., J. Frantzen, S. Biagioni, C. Carlesi, A. De Robbio, A. Češarek, C. de Blaaij, K. Ikeda, and J. Crowe. 2020. “Accessgrey: Securing Open Access to Grey Literature for Science and Society.” Grey Journal 16(3):153–59.
  12. Farace, D., J. Frantzen, S. Biagioni, C. Carlesi, A. de Robbio, A. Češarek, C. de Blaaij, K. Ikeda, and J. Crowe. 2020. “Accessgrey: Securing Open Access to Grey Literature for Science and Society.” Pp. 89–96 in GL-Conference Series: Conference Proceedings. Vols. 2020-October.
  13. Farnham, P., and W. R. Brinkley. 2004. “Society Publishers Provide More than Open Access.” Scientist 18(13):8.
  14. Fujii, H., H. Harada, S. Miura, and H. Kayama. 2011. “Achievable Capacity of Open-Access Cognitive Radio Systems Coexisting with a Macro Cellular System.” in IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference.
  15. Fujii, H., H. Harada, S. Miura, and H. Kayama. 2012. “Achievable Capacity of Closed/Open-Access Cognitive Radio Systems Coexisting with a Macro Cellular Systems.” IEICE Transactions on Communications E95-B(4):1190–97. doi: 10.1587/transcom.E95.B.1190.
  16. Fukuzawa, N. 2017. “Characteristics of Papers Published in Journals: An Analysis of Open Access Journals, Country of Publication, and Languages Used.” Scientometrics 112(2):1007–23. doi: 10.1007/s11192-017-2414-y.
  17. Funamori, M. 2016. “Status Quo and Issues of Open Access in Scholarly Research at Japanese Universities.” Pp. 413–18 in Proceedings - 2015 IIAI 4th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics, IIAI-AAI 2015.
  18. Gregg, M. F. 2011. “Moving toward an Era of Open Access?” Japan Journal of Nursing Science 8(2):113–14. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-7924.2011.00197.x.
  19. Hayashi, M., N. Matsumoto, K. Nishimura, and H. Tanaka. 2011. “Design of Network Resource Federation towards Future Open Access Networking.” Pp. 130–34 in AICT 2011 - 7th Advanced International Conference on Telecommunications.
  20. Hayashi, M., N. Matsumoto, K. Nishimura, and H. Tanaka. 2012. “QoS-Ensured Network Resource Federation Driven by Bandwidth Brokers in Open Access Network Architecture.” IEICE Transactions on Communications E-95-B(1):160–68. doi: 10.1587/transcom.E95.B.160.
  21. Heinicke, S., I. Ordaz-Németh, J. Junker, M. E. Bachmann, S. Marrocoli, E. G. Wessling, D. Byler, S. M. Cheyne, J. Desmond, D. Dowd, M. Fitzgerald, M. Fourrier, A. Goedmakers, R. A. Hernandez-Aguilar, A. Hillers, K. J. Hockings, S. Jones, M. Kaiser, K. Koops, J. M. Lapuente, F. Maisels, J. Riedel, E. Terrade, C. G. Tweh, V. Vergnes, T. Vogt, E. A. Williamson, and H. S. Kühl. 2021. “Open-Access Platform to Synthesize Knowledge of Ape Conservation across Sites.” American Journal of Primatology 83(1). doi: 10.1002/ajp.23213.
  22. Held, M. J., M. Francisca Ham, S. Siti Namtini, W. J. Luo, J. X. Xu, V. Siegel, A. Costello, and D. Osrin. 2004. “Open-Access Publishing [3] (Multiple Letters).” Lancet 364(9428):24–26. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16553-7.
  23. Hijikata, A., H. Kitamura, Y. Kimura, R. Yokoyama, Y. Aiba, Y. Bao, S. Fujita, K. Hase, S. Hori, Y. Ishii, O. Kanagawa, H. Kawamoto, K. Kawano, H. Koseki, M. Kubo, A. Kurita-Miki, T. Kurosaki, K. Masuda, M. Nakata, K. Oboki, H. Ohno, M. Okamoto, Y. Okayama, J. O-Wang, H. Saito, T. Saito, M. Sakuma, K. Sato, K. Sato, K. I. Seino, R. Setoguchi, Y. Tamura, M. Tanaka, M. Taniguchi, I. Taniuchi, A. Teng, T. Watanabe, H. Watarai, S. Yamasaki, and O. Ohara. 2007. “Construction of an Open-Access Database That Integrates Cross-Reference Information from the Transcriptome and Proteome of Immune Cells.” Bioinformatics 23(21):2934–41. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm430.
  24. Hossen, M., and M. Hanawa. 2015. “Multi-OLT and Multi-Wavelength PON-Based Open Access Network for Improving the Throughput and Quality of Services.” Optical Switching and Networking 15:148–59. doi: 10.1016/j.osn.2014.09.001.
  25. Hotta, N. 2014. “We Have Become an Open Access Journal!” Journal of Diabetes Investigation 5(1):1–2. doi: 10.1111/jdi.12180.
  26. Hotta, N. 2015. “Brave New World: Our Journal Has Become an Open Access Journal.” Journal of Diabetes Investigation 6(1):1–2. doi: 10.1111/jdi.12306.
  27. Hotta, N. 2020. “A New Era for Research Publication: Will Open Access Become the Norm?” Journal of Diabetes Investigation 11(1):3–4. doi: 10.1111/jdi.13174.
  28. Inoue, Y. 2006. “Open Access Overview ‘Industrial Experience.’” Pp. 437–38 in Proceedings of the Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, ASP-DAC. Vol. 2006.
  29. Jinji, N. 2006. “International Trade and Terrestrial Open-Access Renewable Resources in a Small Open Economy.” Canadian Journal of Economics 39(3):790–808. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-5982.2006.00370.x.
  30. Jung, Y., and N. Novikova. 2020. “Editorial Note: Open Access and the Acceptance of the JCEA to the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ).” Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia 19(1):1–7. doi: 10.17477/jcea.2020.19.1.001.
  31. Kato, K. 2015. “Study on Use of Open Access Natural Resources.” Sokendai Review of Cultural and Social Studies 11:85–99.
  32. Kattge, J., G. Bönisch, S. Díaz, S. Lavorel, I. C. Prentice, P. Leadley, S. Tautenhahn, G. D. A. Werner, T. Aakala, M. Abedi, A. T. R. Acosta, G. C. Adamidis, K. Adamson, M. Aiba, C. H. Albert, J. M. Alcántara, C. Alcázar C, I. Aleixo, H. Ali, B. Amiaud, C. Ammer, M. M. Amoroso, M. Anand, C. Anderson, N. Anten, J. Antos, D. M. G. Apgaua, T. L. Ashman, D. H. Asmara, G. P. Asner, M. Aspinwall, O. Atkin, I. Aubin, L. Baastrup-Spohr, K. Bahalkeh, M. Bahn, T. Baker, W. J. Baker, J. P. Bakker, D. Baldocchi, J. Baltzer, A. Banerjee, A. Baranger, J. Barlow, D. R. Barneche, Z. Baruch, D. Bastianelli, J. Battles, W. Bauerle, M. Bauters, E. Bazzato, M. Beckmann, H. Beeckman, C. Beierkuhnlein, R. Bekker, G. Belfry, M. Belluau, M. Beloiu, R. Benavides, L. Benomar, M. L. Berdugo-Lattke, E. Berenguer, R. Bergamin, J. Bergmann, M. Bergmann Carlucci, L. Berner, M. Bernhardt-Römermann, C. Bigler, A. D. Bjorkman, C. Blackman, C. Blanco, B. Blonder, D. Blumenthal, K. T. Bocanegra-González, P. Boeckx, S. Bohlman, K. Böhning-Gaese, L. Boisvert-Marsh, W. Bond, B. Bond-Lamberty, A. Boom, C. C. F. Boonman, K. Bordin, E. H. Boughton, V. Boukili, D. M. J. S. Bowman, S. Bravo, M. R. Brendel, M. R. Broadley, K. A. Brown, H. Bruelheide, F. Brumnich, H. H. Bruun, D. Bruy, S. W. Buchanan, S. F. Bucher, N. Buchmann, R. Buitenwerf, D. E. Bunker, J. Bürger, S. Burrascano, D. F. R. P. Burslem, B. J. Butterfield, C. Byun, M. Marques, M. C. Scalon, M. Caccianiga, M. Cadotte, M. Cailleret, J. Camac, J. J. Camarero, C. Campany, G. Campetella, J. A. Campos, L. Cano-Arboleda, R. Canullo, M. Carbognani, F. Carvalho, F. Casanoves, B. Castagneyrol, J. A. Catford, J. Cavender-Bares, B. E. L. Cerabolini, M. Cervellini, E. Chacón-Madrigal, K. Chapin, F. S. Chapin, S. Chelli, S. C. Chen, A. Chen, P. Cherubini, F. Chianucci, B. Choat, K. S. Chung, M. Chytrý, D. Ciccarelli, L. Coll, C. G. Collins, L. Conti, D. Coomes, J. H. C. Cornelissen, W. K. Cornwell, P. Corona, M. Coyea, J. Craine, D. Craven, J. P. G. M. Cromsigt, A. Csecserits, K. Cufar, M. Cuntz, A. C. da Silva, K. M. Dahlin, M. Dainese, I. Dalke, M. Dalle Fratte, A. T. Dang-Le, J. Danihelka, M. Dannoura, S. Dawson, A. J. de Beer, A. De Frutos, J. R. De Long, B. Dechant, S. Delagrange, N. Delpierre, G. Derroire, A. S. Dias, M. H. Diaz-Toribio, P. G. Dimitrakopoulos, M. Dobrowolski, D. Doktor, P. Dřevojan, N. Dong, J. Dransfield, S. Dressler, L. Duarte, E. Ducouret, S. Dullinger, W. Durka, R. Duursma, O. Dymova, A. E-Vojtkó, R. L. Eckstein, H. Ejtehadi, J. Elser, T. Emilio, K. Engemann, M. B. Erfanian, A. Erfmeier, A. Esquivel-Muelbert, G. Esser, M. Estiarte, T. F. Domingues, W. F. Fagan, J. Fagúndez, D. S. Falster, Y. Fan, J. Fang, E. Farris, F. Fazlioglu, Y. Feng, F. Fernandez-Mendez, C. Ferrara, J. Ferreira, A. Fidelis, B. Finegan, J. Firn, T. J. Flowers, D. F. B. Flynn, V. Fontana, E. Forey, C. Forgiarini, L. François, M. Frangipani, D. Frank, C. Frenette-Dussault, G. T. Freschet, E. L. Fry, N. M. Fyllas, G. G. Mazzochini, S. Gachet, R. Gallagher, G. Ganade, F. Ganga, P. García-Palacios, V. Gargaglione, E. Garnier, J. L. Garrido, A. L. de Gasper, G. Gea-Izquierdo, D. Gibson, A. N. Gillison, A. Giroldo, M. C. Glasenhardt, S. Gleason, M. Gliesch, E. Goldberg, B. Göldel, E. Gonzalez-Akre, J. L. Gonzalez-Andujar, A. González-Melo, A. González-Robles, B. J. Graae, E. Granda, S. Graves, W. A. Green, T. Gregor, N. Gross, G. R. Guerin, A. Günther, A. G. Gutiérrez, L. Haddock, A. Haines, J. Hall, A. Hambuckers, W. Han, S. P. Harrison, W. Hattingh, J. E. Hawes, T. He, P. He, J. M. Heberling, A. Helm, S. Hempel, J. Hentschel, B. Hérault, A. M. Hereş, K. Herz, M. Heuertz, T. Hickler, P. Hietz, P. Higuchi, A. L. Hipp, A. Hirons, M. Hock, J. A. Hogan, K. Holl, O. Honnay, D. Hornstein, E. Hou, N. Hough-Snee, K. A. Hovstad, T. Ichie, B. Igić, E. Illa, M. Isaac, M. Ishihara, L. Ivanov, L. Ivanova, C. M. Iversen, J. Izquierdo, R. B. Jackson, B. Jackson, H. Jactel, A. M. Jagodzinski, U. Jandt, S. Jansen, T. Jenkins, A. Jentsch, J. R. P. Jespersen, G. F. Jiang, J. L. Johansen, D. Johnson, E. J. Jokela, C. A. Joly, G. J. Jordan, G. S. Joseph, D. Junaedi, R. R. Junker, E. Justes, R. Kabzems, J. Kane, Z. Kaplan, T. Kattenborn, L. Kavelenova, E. Kearsley, A. Kempel, T. Kenzo, A. Kerkhoff, M. I. Khalil, N. L. Kinlock, W. D. Kissling, K. Kitajima, T. Kitzberger, R. Kjøller, T. Klein, M. Kleyer, J. Klimešová, J. Klipel, B. Kloeppel, S. Klotz, J. M. H. Knops, T. Kohyama, F. Koike, J. Kollmann, B. Komac, K. Komatsu, C. König, N. J. B. Kraft, K. Kramer, H. Kreft, I. Kühn, D. Kumarathunge, J. Kuppler, H. Kurokawa, Y. Kurosawa, S. Kuyah, J. P. Laclau, B. Lafleur, E. Lallai, E. Lamb, A. Lamprecht, D. J. Larkin, D. Laughlin, Y. Le Bagousse-Pinguet, G. le Maire, P. C. le Roux, E. le Roux, T. Lee, F. Lens, S. L. Lewis, B. Lhotsky, Y. Li, X. Li, J. W. Lichstein, M. Liebergesell, J. Y. Lim, Y. S. Lin, J. C. Linares, C. Liu, D. Liu, U. Liu, S. Livingstone, J. Llusià, M. Lohbeck, Á. López-García, G. 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